Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:07:46.240Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Fate of simazine in a drip-irrigated Vitis vinifera vineyard

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Fuhan Liu  and
Timothy S. Prather
Timothy S. Prather
Affiliation:
Kearney Agricultural Center, University of California, Parlier, CA 93648
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

To determine simazine movement and dissipation in a drip-irrigated Vitis vinifera vineyard under two irrigation schedules [ grower standard (GS) and current evaporation/transpiration (CET)], field experiments were conducted in a Hanford fine sandy loam, a soil type prone to leaching. In experiment 1, simazine was surface-applied in a 1.7-m swath down the vine row, and chloride was applied as a tracer. Total recovery of simazine was < 1.0% under the irrigation emitters 51 and 57 d after simazine application in 1997 and 1999, respectively. Simazine was not detected in the soil profile from 0 to 150 cm deep, 1.0 m from the emitters. A chloride tracer moved to a soil depth of 90 cm but not deeper. In experiment 2, simazine moved 75 cm under the emitters in 7 d but did not move deeper into the soil. Under the emitter, 28% of applied simazine was found 0 to 45 cm deep and 3% was > 45 cm deep. In experiment 3, which was conducted in the absence of irrigation, total recovery of simazine was 30% when sheltered from rain and 8% when exposed to rain. Rapid dissipation and proper irrigation management were key factors preventing deep percolation of simazine in these studies.

Keywords

SimazineVitis vinifera L., grapeIrrigation scheduleleachingmicrobial degradation
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 48 , Issue 4 , August 2000 , pp. 514 - 517
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous. 1995. California Pesticide Use Summaries Database. Davis, CA: University of California Statewide IPM Project, http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PUSE/puse1.html.Google Scholar
Bouwer, H. 1987. Effect of irrigated agriculture on groundwater. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 113:4–15.Google Scholar
Bouyoucos, G. J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agron. J. 54:464–465.Google Scholar
Bowman, R. S. 1984. Evaluation of some new tracers for soil water studies. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 48:987–993.Google Scholar
California Department of Food and Agriculture. 1995. Analysis of Triazines in Environmental Samples using a Double Antibody-Coated Microtiter Plate ELISA Method. Sacramento, CA: Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, pp. 1–5.Google Scholar
Gish, T. J., Isensee, A. R., Nash, R. G., and Helling, C. S. 1991. Impact of pesticides on shallow groundwater quality. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 34:1745–1753.Google Scholar
Paul, E. A. and Clark, F. E. 1989. Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. pp. 115–130.Google Scholar
Peacock, B., Christensen, P., and Williams, L. 2000. Water management and irrigation scheduling. Pages 127–133 In Raisin Production in California. University of California Division of Agricultural and Natural Resources.Google Scholar
Rao, P.S.C. and Davidson, J. M. 1980. Estimation of pesticide retention and transformation parameters required in nonpoint sources pollution models. Pages 23–29. In Overcash, M. R. and Davidson, J. M., eds. Environmental Impact of Nonpoint Source Pollution. Ann Arbor, MI: Ann Arbor Science Publisher.Google Scholar
Rauschkolb, R. S. 1980. Soil Analysis Method S:18.0. Organic Matter Dichromate Reduction. In California Soil Testing Procedures Manual. Sacramento: California Fertilizer Association.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1988. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1028 p.Google Scholar
Schuh, W. M., Klinkebiel, D. L., Gardner, J. C., and Meyer, R. F. 1997. Tracer and nitrate movement to groundwater in the northern great plains. J. Environ. Qual. 26:1335–1347.Google Scholar
Soil Conservation Service. 1971. Soil Survey: Eastern Fresno Area, California. Washington, DC: United States Department of Agriculture in Cooperation California Agricultural Experiment Station, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, pp. 78–82.Google Scholar
Spurlock, F., Burow, K., Dubrovsky, N. 2000. Chlorofluorocarbon age-dating of herbicide-containing well waters in Fresno and Tulare counties, California. J. Environ. Qual. 29:2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Synder, R., Henderson, D. W., Pruitt, W. O., and Dong, A. 1985. California Irrigation Management Information System Final Report June 1985. Davis, CA: University of California, California Department of Water Resources Contract B53812. 8 p.Google Scholar
Troiano, J. and Garretson, C. 1988. Soil Distribution of Simazine, Diazinon and Bromide in Sandy Soil after Exposure to 1985–1986 Winter Rains in Fresno County. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Food and Agriculture, State of California Environmental Hazards Assessment Program Pub. EH 88-2. 20 p.Google Scholar
Troiano, J., Garretson, C., Krauter, C., and Brownell, J. 1990. Atrazine Leaching and its Relation to Percolation of Water as Influenced by Three Rates and Four Methods of Irrigation Water Application. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Food and Agriculture, State of California Environmental Hazards Assessment Program Pub. EH 90-7, pp. 19–47.Google Scholar
Troiano, J., Johnson, B. R., and Powell, S. 1994. Use of cluster and principal component analyses to profile areas in California where ground water has been contaminated by pesticides. Environ. Monit. Assess. 32:269–288.Google Scholar
Wehtje, G., Mielke, L. N., Leavitt, J.R.C., and Schepers, J. S. 1984. Leaching of atrazine in the root zone of an alluvial soil in Nebraska. J. Environ. Qual. 13:507–513.Google Scholar