Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T09:46:12.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Environment and Spray Additive Effects on Picloram Absorption and Translocation in Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Kevin D. Moxness  and
Rodney G. Lym
Kevin D. Moxness
Affiliation:
Crop Weed Sci. Dep. N. D. State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105
Rodney G. Lym
Affiliation:
Crop Weed Sci. Dep. N. D. State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Relative humidity after application, spray additives, and solution pH affected both foliar absorption and translocation of 14C-picloram to leafy spurge roots. 14C-picloram absorption increased from 11 to 34% and translocation increased from 5 to 21% as time at posttreatment humidity increased from 0 to 48 h. Absorption and translocation were not different when pre- or posttreatment temperatures were 30/18 or 18/10 C (day/night). 14C-picloram absorption and translocation to the roots were 18 and 6%, respectively, when applied alone, and increased to 46 and 12%, respectively, when applied with ammonium sulfate at 2.5 kg/ha. Absorption and translocation were unaffected by ammonium nitrate. Foliar absorption and translocation of 14C-picloram in leafy spurge were unaffected by pH of unbuffered spray solution but increased at least 50% when applied in a solution buffered at pH 4.8 with trisodium citrate. Foliar absorption in detached leafy spurge leaves increased from 26 to 51% of applied 14C as the citrate buffer concentration increased from 0.01 to 0.1 mM, respectively.

Keywords

Picloram, 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acidammonium nitrate, NH4NO3ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4trisodium citrate, Na3C6H5O7·2 H2Oleafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L. ♯3 EPHESAbsorption and translocationspray solutionpHfertilizer additiveEPHES
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 2 , March 1989 , pp. 181 - 186
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Basler, E., Slife, F. W., and Long, J. W. 1970. Some effects of humidity on the translocation of 2,4,5-T in bean plants. Weed Sci. 18:396–398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Baur, J. R., Bovey, R. W., and Riley, I. 1971. Absorption and penetration of picloram and 2,4,5-T into detached live oak leaves. Weed Sci. 19:138–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Blair, A. M. 1975. The addition of ammonium salt or a phosphate ester to herbicides to control Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Weed Res. 15:101–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Brady, H. A. 1970. Ammonium nitrate and phosphoric acid increase 2,4,5-T absorption by tree leaves. Weed Sci. 18:204–206.Google Scholar
5. Cooper, T. G. 1977. The Tools of Biochemistry. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 423 pp.Google Scholar
6. Eberlein, C. V., Lym, R. G., and Messersmith, C. G. 1982. Leafy spurge identification and control. N.D. Agric. Exp. Stn. Circ. W-765. 4 pp.Google Scholar
7. Frear, D. S., Swanson, H. R., and Mansager, E. R. 1984. Picloram metabolism in leafy spurge: Isolation and identification of N-glucoside, glucose ester, and gentiobiose ester conjugates. Abstract, #12 Div. Pest. Chem., Nat., Meeting Am. Chem. Soc. Google Scholar
8. Galitz, D. S. and Davis, D. G. 1983. Leafy spurge physiology and anatomy. N.D. Farm Res. 40(5):20–26.Google Scholar
9. Gaudiel, R. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1979. Picloram translocation and redistribution in soybean plants following root uptake. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 11:129–134.Google Scholar
10. Gylling, S. R. and Arnold, W. E. 1985. Efficacy and economics of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) control in pastures. Weed Sci. 33:381–385.Google Scholar
11. Hickman, M. V. 1988. Release of picloram from leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) roots. Ph.D. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ. 90 p. Univ. Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Mich. (Diss. Abstr. AAD 88-08316).Google Scholar
12. Isensee, A. R., Jones, G. E., and Turner, B. C. 1971. Root absorption and translocation of picloram by oats and soybeans. Weed Sci. 19:727–731.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Lym, R. G. and Messersmith, C. G. 1985. Leafy spurge control and improved forage production with herbicides. J. Range Manage. 38:386–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Morton, H. L. 1966. Influence of temperature and humidity on foliar absorption, translocation, and metabolism of 2,4,5-T by mesquite seedlings. Weeds 14:136–141.Google Scholar
15. Poovaiah, B. W. and Leopold, A. C. 1974. Hormone-solute interactions in the lettuce hypocotyl hook. Plant Physiol. 54:289–293.Google Scholar
16. Rayle, D. L. and Cleland, R. 1970. Enhancement of wall loosening and elongation by acid solutions. Plant Physiol. 46:250–253.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17. Rolston, M. P. and Robertson, A. G. 1976. Some aspects of the absorption of picloram by gorse (Ulex europaeus L.). Weed Res. 16:81–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Sargent, J. A. 1965. The penetration of growth regulators into leaves. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 16:1–12.Google Scholar
19. Sargent, J. A. and Blackman, G. E. 1962. Studies on foliar penetration. I. Factors controlling the entry of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid. J. Exp. Bot. 13:348–368.Google Scholar
20. Scott, P. C. and Morris, R. O. 1970. Quantitative distribution and metabolism of auxin herbicides in roots. Plant Physiol. 46: 680–684.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21. Sharma, M. P., Chang, F. Y., and Vanden Born, W. H. 1971. Penetration and translocation of picloram in Canada thistle. Weed Sci. 19:349–355.Google Scholar
22. Sharma, M. P. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1970. Foliar penetration of picloram and 2,4-D in aspen and balsam poplar. Weed Sci. 18:57–63.Google Scholar
23. Sharma, M. P. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1973. Uptake, cellular distribution, and metabolism of 14C-picloram by excised plant tissues. Physiol. Plant. 29:10–16.Google Scholar
24. Simon, E. W. and Beevers, H. 1952. The effect of pH on the biological activities of weak acids and bases. II. Other relationships between pH and activity. New Phytol. 51:191–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Simon, E. W., Roberts, H. A., and Blackman, G. E. 1952. Studies on the principle of phytotoxicity. III. The pH factor and the toxicity of 3,5-dinitro-o-cresol, a weak acid. J. Exp. Bot. 3:99–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Suwunnamek, U. and Parker, C. 1975. Control of Cyperus rotundus with glyphosate: the influence of ammonium sulphate and other additives. Weed Res. 15:13–19.Google Scholar
27. Swanson, C. R. and Baur, J. R. 1969. Absorption and penetration of picloram in potato tuber disks. Weed Sci. 17:311–314.Google Scholar
28. Szabo, S. S. and Buchholtz, K. P. 1961. Penetration of living and non-living surfaces by 2,4-D as influenced by additives. Weeds 9:177–184.Google Scholar
29. Turner, D. J. and Loader, M.P.L. 1978. Complexing agents as herbicide additives. Weed Res. 18:199–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30. Turner, D. J. and Loader, M.P.L. 1980. Effect of ammonium sulphate and other additives upon the phytotoxicity of glyphosate to Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Weed Res. 20:139–146.Google Scholar
31. Turner, D. J. and Loader, M.P.L. 1984. Effect of ammonium sulphate and related salts on the phytotoxicity of dichlorprop and other herbicides used for broadleafed weed control in cereals. Weed Res. 24:64–77.Google Scholar
32. Van Overbeek, J. 1956. Absorption and translocation of plant regulators. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 7:355–372.Google Scholar
33. Vesper, M. J. 1985. Use of pH response curve for growth to predict apparent wall pH in elongating segments of maize coleoptiles and sunflower hypocotyls. Planta 166:96–104.Google Scholar
34. Wilson, B. J. and Nishimoto, R. K. 1975. Ammonium sulfate enhancement of picloram activity and absorption. Weed Sci. 23:289–296.Google Scholar
35. Wilson, B. J. and Nishimoto, R. K. 1975. Ammonium sulfate enhancement of picloram absorption by detached leaves. Weed Sci. 23:297–301.Google Scholar