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Enhanced Herbicide Biodegradation in South Carolina Soils Previously Treated with Butylate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

H. D. Skipper ,
E. C. Murdock ,
D. T. Gooden ,
J. P. Zublena  and
M. A. Amakiri
H. D. Skipper
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
E. C. Murdock
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
D. T. Gooden
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Blackville, SC 29817
J. P. Zublena
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Florence, SC 29503
M. A. Amakiri
Affiliation:
Univ. Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Abstract

Experiments were conducted to investigate enhanced biodegradation of carbamothioates and to evaluate the effect of microbial inhibitors on the efficacy of butylate [S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl)carbamothioate], EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylcarbamothioate), and vernolate (S-propyl dipropylcarbamothioate) in soils that had received butylate treatment in previous years (butylate-history soils). Inhibitors used were fonofos (O-ethyl-S-phenylether phosphonodithioate) and R-33865 (O,O-diethyl-O-phenylphosphorothioate). R-33865 and fonofos significantly improved control of large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSA] with butylate and EPTC in corn (Zea mays L. ‘Coker 21’). Bioassay data reflected more residual phytotoxicity from butylate and EPTC when these herbicides were combined with the microbial inhibitors. In butylate-history soils planted to soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Wright’], R-33865 did not improve the efficacy of vernolate. These results indicated some cross-adaptation of the butylate-adapted microorganisms for EPTC, but no cross-adaptation was detected for vernolate. Under laboratory conditions, 14C-butylate was degraded more rapidly to 14CO2 in butylate-history soils than in non-butylate-history soils.

Keywords

EPTCvernolateDigitaria sanguinalisZea maysGlycine maxfonofosR-33865microbial inhibitorsDIGSA
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 34 , Issue 4 , July 1986 , pp. 558 - 563
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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