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Effects of Tillage on Vertical Distribution and Viability of Weed Seed in Soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Joseph P. Yenish ,
Jerry D. Doll  and
Douglas D. Buhler
Joseph P. Yenish
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
Jerry D. Doll
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
Douglas D. Buhler
Affiliation:
Res. Agron., Plant Sci. Res. Unit, U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., St. Paul, MN 55018
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Abstract

The effect of different levels of tillage and weed management on population, distribution, and germination of weed seed was evaluated in three tillage systems at Arlington and Hancock, WI, in 1989 and 1990. Over 60% of all weed seed in the top 19 cm of soil were found in the top 1 cm in no-tillage at both sites. As depth increased, concentration of weed seed declined logarithmically in no-tillage. In chisel plowing, over 30% of seed were in the top 1 cm and seed concentration decreased linearly with depth. Moldboard plowing had uniform distribution of weed seed in the top 19 cm of soil. Preemergence metolachlor plus atrazine decreased weed seed population by 50% compared with no treatment over all tillage systems. One year of the herbicide treatment plus handweeding to assure weed-free conditions did not reduce seed numbers in chisel plowing or moldboard plowing compared to herbicide alone. Seed numbers with no-tillage and weed-free conditions decreased by 40% relative to herbicide alone. Common lambsquarters germination was 40% greater in moldboard plowing and chisel plowing compared with no-tillage. Germination was highest in seed taken from 9 to 19 cm deep in moldboard plowing and from 0 to 9 cm deep in chisel plowing.

Keywords

Atrazine, 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diaminemetolachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamidecommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. # CHEALGerminationweed ecologyno-tillageconservation tillageconventional tillagepopulation dynamicsseed bankCHEAL
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 40 , Issue 3 , September 1992 , pp. 429 - 433
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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