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The Effects of Supplemental Nitrogen on Shoot Production and Root Bud Dormancy of Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) under Field Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Léonie B. Nadeau  and
William H. Vanden Born
Léonie B. Nadeau
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
William H. Vanden Born
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
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Abstract

We examined effects of supplementary nitrogen on young Canada thistle stands in Alberta, Canada. Urea applied at 70 or 100 kg N ha–1 increased shoot population densities, mostly through increased root growth in the top 20 cm of soil rather than through released root bud dormancy. Nitrogen fertilization, therefore, may increase the severity of a Canada thistle infestation. In 1-yr-old stands, the number of emerged and unemerged root buds/m of root was higher near the soil surface in fertilized plots than in unfertilized plots, and no underground shoots were detected at the time of sampling. In 2-yr-old stands, more unemerged root buds/m of root were found at depths below 20 cm in fertilized plots than in unfertilized plots, and twice as many underground shoots/m of root occurred between 20 and 40 cm in fertilized plots as in unfertilized plots. However, no effect of nitrogen on the number of emerged root buds was detected. Nitrogen treatment increased shoot production only for those replanted root fragments from deeper than 60 cm in 1-yr-old stands and deeper than 160 cm in 2-yr-old stands.

Keywords

Canada thistleCirsium arvense (L.) Scop. # CIRARRoot systemnitrogen fertilizationbud dormancyCIRAR
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 38 , Issue 4-5 , September 1990 , pp. 379 - 384
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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