Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:59:35.859Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Metolachlor on Germination, Growth, Leucine Uptake, and Protein Synthesis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

P. Pillai ,
D. E. Davis  and
B. Truelove
P. Pillai
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot. and Microbiol., Auburn Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn, AL 36830
D. E. Davis
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot. and Microbiol., Auburn Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn, AL 36830
B. Truelove
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot. and Microbiol., Auburn Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn, AL 36830
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effect of metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] on the germination and growth of 14 plant species was investigated. A 10-3 M concentration of the herbicide did not reduce germination as much as 10% for corn (Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer 3369A’), English pea (Pisum sativum L. ‘Thomas Laxton’), sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia L.), or wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘Coker 68–15′) but reduced germination of oat (Avena sativa L. ‘Coker 227′) to 0, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Grand Rapids’) to 11%, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. ‘Florunner’) to 14%. A 10-6 M concentration did not affect the germination of any species tested. A 10-5 M concentration did not significantly decrease length or fresh weight of corn, morningglory, or wheat roots but had at least some adverse effect on all other species tested. At this concentration root length was less than 2/3 of the control for English pea, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. ‘Ashley’), radish (Raphanus sativus L. ‘Scarlet Globe’), sicklepod, and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Ransom’]. Metolachlor was supplied to germinating seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Barsoy’), English pea, and corn either only in the shoot, seed, or root zone, or to all parts. One kg/ha applied in the shoot zone of barley and corn significantly reduced seedling height and dry weight but had no effect when applied in either the seed or root zone. Application in all zones was approximately twice as detrimental as when applied in only the shoot zone. Application of 4 kg/ha in only the shoot, seed, or root zones of English pea did not decrease seedling height or dry weight but application in all zones decreased these values about 98%. A 10-5 M concentration of metolachlor decreased leucine uptake by cucumber root tips but not its incorporation into protein. A 10-4 M concentration strongly reduced leucine uptake and slightly decreased leucine incorporation into protein.

Keywords

Physiologymode of actionseedling growth
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 27 , Issue 6 , November 1979 , pp. 634 - 637
Copyright
Copyright © 1979 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Armstrong, T. F., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1973. Absorption, translocation and metabolism of alachlor by yellow nutsedge. Weed Sci. 21:357–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Chandler, J. M., Croy, L. I., and Santelmann, P. W. 1972. Alachlor effects on plant nitrogen metabolism and Hill reaction. J. Agric. Food Chem. 20:661–664.Google Scholar
3. Devlin, R. M. and Cunningham, R. P. 1970. The inhibition of gibberellic acid induction of α-amylase activity in barley endosperm by certain herbicides. Weed Res. 10:316–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Duke, W. B., Slife, F. W., Hanson, J. B., and Butler, H. S. 1975. An investigation of the mechanism of action of propachlor. Weed Sci. 23:142–147.Google Scholar
5. Gerber, H. R., Muller, G., and Ebner, L. 1974. CGA-24705, a new grass killer herbicide. Proc. Br. Weed Control Conf. 12:787–794.Google Scholar
6. Gray, R. A. and Weierich, A. J. 1969. Importance of root, shoot, and seed exposure to the herbicidal activity of EPTC. Weed Sci. 17:223–229.Google Scholar
7. Gruenhagen, R. D. and Moreland, D. E. 1971. Effects of herbicides on ATP levels in excised soybean hypocotyls. Weed Sci. 19:319–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Hamm, , Philip, C. 1974. Discovery, development, and current status of the chloroacetamide herbicides. Weed Sci. 22:541–545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Hamill, A. S. and Penner, D. 1973. Interaction of alachlor and carbofuran. Weed Sci. 21:330–335.Google Scholar
10. Jaworski, E. G. 1969. Analysis of the mode of action of herbicidal α-chloroacetamides. J. Agric. Food Chem. 17:165–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Key, J. L. 1964. Ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis as essential processes for cell elongation. Plant Physiol. 39:365–370.Google Scholar
12. Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randall, R. L. 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. Mann, J. D., Jordan, L. D., and Day, B. E. 1965. A survey of herbicides for their effect upon protein synthesis. Plant Physiol. 40:840–843.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14. Pillai, C. G. P., and Davis, D. E. 1975. Mode of action of CGA-18762, CGA-17020, and CGA-24705. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 28:308–313.Google Scholar
15. Truelove, B., Jones, L. R., and Davis, D. E. 1973. Light and prometryne effects on leucine uptake and incorporation. Weed Sci. 21:24–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. White, A. G. and Truelove, B. 1972. The effects of aflatoxin B1, citrinin, and ochratoxin A on amino acid uptake and incorporation by cucumber. Can. J. Bot. 50:2659–2664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar