Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T14:26:31.618Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Long-Term Use on Simazine Dissipation in Central California Vineyards

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Mary Joy M. Abit ,
Christine M. Rainbolt ,
L. Jason Krutz ,
Dale L. Shaner  and
Bradley D. Hanson
Mary Joy M. Abit
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, CA 95616
Christine M. Rainbolt
Affiliation:
California State University, Fresno, CA 93740
L. Jason Krutz
Affiliation:
Water Management Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, CO 80526
Dale L. Shaner
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Stoneville, MS 38776
Bradley D. Hanson*
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, CA 95616
*
Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Simazine is an important management tool for weed control in vineyards because of its relatively low price, reliable control of several problem weeds, and long residual activity. After repeated and extensive use of simazine, several growers in the Central Valley of California expressed concerns about reduced, residual weed control with this herbicide. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the rate of simazine dissipation in soils with differing simazine-use histories and to determine whether residual weed control differed among sites. Two raisin vineyards were used in all studies, one with extensive simazine-use history (adapted) and one with no recent simazine-use history (nonadapted). Results indicated that simazine dissipation from biotic processes was fourfold greater in soil with a long simazine-use history relative to soil with no recent simazine applications. In the field, simazine persisted longer at the nonadapted site, and weed-control duration was affected by dissipation rate. Central Valley vineyard soils that have had repeated simazine applications can develop enhanced, microbial degradation, and reduced, residual weed control is possible; however, weed control is also affected by environmental conditions and other crop management practices.

Keywords

Simazine, 6-chloro-N,N′-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamineraisin grapes, Vitis vinifera LEnhanced degradationatrazines-triazine herbicidesherbicide use history
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 531 - 536
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Abit, M.J.M., Shaner, D. L., Krutz, L. J., Rainbolt, C. M., O'Connell, N. V., Faber, B. A., and Hanson, B. D. 2012. Assessing simazine degradation patterns in California citrus orchards with different simazine use histories. Air Soil Water Res. 5:69–78.Google Scholar
Anderson, P. E. and Lafuerza, A. 1992. Microbiological aspects of accelerated pesticide degradation. Pages 184–192 in Anderson, J.P.E., Arnold, D. J., Lewis, F., and Torstensson, L., eds. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Pesticide Microbiology. Uppsala, Sweden Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 2012. UC IPM Online: Weather, Models, & Degree-Days—California Weather Data. http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/WEATHER/index.html. Accessed: January 11, 2012.Google Scholar
Arbeli, Z. and Fuentes, C. L. 2007. Accelerated biodegradation of pesticides: an overview of the phenomenon, its basis and possible solutions; and a discussion on the tropical dimension. Crop Prot. 26:1733–1746.Google Scholar
Armstrong, D. E., Chesters, G., and Harris, R. F. 1967. Atrazine hydrolysis in soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 31:61–66.Google Scholar
Best, J. A. and Weber, J. B. 1974. Disappearance of s-triazines as affected by soil pH using balance-sheet approach. Weed Sci. 22:364–373.Google Scholar
Buchanan, G. A. and Hiltbold, A. E. 1973. Performance and persistence of atrazine. Weed Sci. 21:413–415.Google Scholar
Cook, A. M. 1987. Biodegradation of s-triazine xenobiotics. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 46:93–116.Google Scholar
Dao, T. H., Lavy, T. L., and Sorensen, R. C. 1979. Atrazine degradation and residue distribution in soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 43:1129–1134.Google Scholar
Evgenidou, E. and Fytianos, K. 2002. Photodegradation of triazine herbicides in aqueous solutions and natural waters. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50:6423–6427.Google Scholar
Frank, R. and Sirons, G. J. 1985. Dissipation of atrazine residues in soils. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 34:541–548.Google Scholar
Gunasekara, A. S., Troiano, J., Goh, K. S., and Tjeerdema, R. S. 2007. Chemistry and fate of simazine. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 189:1–23.Google Scholar
Hembree, K. and Shrestha, A. 2005. Biology, Identification, Losses, and Control Options for Horseweed and Hairy Fleabane in Tree and Vine Crops in California's Southern San Joaquin Valley. http://ucanr.org/sites/Weed_Management/files/71041.pdf. Accessed: March 7, 2012.Google Scholar
Kells, J. J., Rieck, C. E., Blevins, R. L., and Muir, W. M. 1980. Atrazine dissipation as affected by surface pH and tillage. Weed Sci. 28:101–104.Google Scholar
Khan, S. U. and Marriage, P. B. 1977. Residues of atrazine and its metabolites in an orchard soil and their uptake by oat plants. J. Agric. Food Chem. 25:1408–1413.Google Scholar
Krutz, L. J., Burke, I. C., Reddy, K. N., Zablotowicz, R. M., and Price, A. J. 2009. Enhanced atrazine degradation: evidence for reduced residual weed control and a method for identifying adapted soils and predicting herbicide persistence. Weed Sci. 57:427–434.Google Scholar
Krutz, L. J., Burke, I. C., Reddy, K. N., and Zablotowicz, R. M. 2008. Evidence for cross-adaptation between s-triazine herbicides resulting in reduced efficacy under field conditions. Pest Manag. Sci. 64:1024–1030.Google Scholar
Krutz, L. J., Shaner, D. L., Weaver, M. A., Webb, R.M.T., Zablotowicz, R. M., Reddy, K. N., Huang, Y., and Thomson, S. J. 2010. Agronomic and environmental implications of enhanced s-triazine degradation. Pest Manag. Sci. 66:461–481.Google Scholar
Krutz, L. J., Zablotowicz, R. M., Reddy, K. N., Koger, C. H., and Weaver, M. A. 2007. Enhanced degradation of atrazine under field conditions correlates with a loss of weed control in the glasshouse. Pest Manag. Sci. 63:23–31.Google Scholar
Mandelbaum, R. T., Allan, D. L., and Wackett, L. P. 1995. Isolation and characterization of a Pseudomonas sp. That mineralizes the s-triazine herbicide atrazine. Appl. Environ. MicroBiol. 61:1451–1457.Google Scholar
Mandelbaum, R. T., Sadowsky, M. J., and Wackett, L. P. 2008. Microbial degradation of s-triazine herbicides. Pages 301–328 in LeBaron, H. M., McFarland, J. F., and Burnside, O. C., eds. The Triazine Herbicides. San Diego Elsevier.Google Scholar
Mandelbaum, R. T., Wackett, L. P., and Allen, D. L. 1993. Rapid hydrolysis of atrazine to hydroxyatrazine by soil bacteria. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27:1943–1946.Google Scholar
Morgante, V., Flores, C., Fadic, X., Gonzalez, M., Hernandez, M., Cereceda-Balic, F., and Seeger, M. 2012. Influence of microorganisms and leaching on simazine attenuation in an agricultural soil. J. Environ. Manag. 95:S300–S305.Google Scholar
Nearpass, D. C., Edwards, W. M., and Taylor, A. W. 1978. Triazine persistence in soil in eastern Ohio. Agron. J. 70:937–940.Google Scholar
Radosevich, M., Traina, S. J., Yue-Li, H., and Tuovinen, O. H. 1995. Degradation and mineralization of atrazine by a soil bacterial isolate. Appl. Environ. MicroBiol. 61:297–302.Google Scholar
Rocha, F. and Walker, A. 1995. Simulation of the persistence of atrazine in soil at different sites in Portugal. Weed Res. 35:179–186.Google Scholar
Roeth, F. W. 1986. Enhanced herbicide degradation in soil with repeat application. Rev. Weed Sci. 2:45–65.Google Scholar
Roeth, F. W., Lavy, T. L., and Burnside, O. C. 1969. Atrazine degradation in two soil profiles. Weed Sci. 17:202–205.Google Scholar
Rouchaud, J., Neus, O., Bulcke, R., Cools, K., Eelen, H., and Dekkers, T. 2000. Soil dissipation of diuron, chlorotoluron, simazine, propyzamide, and diflufenican herbicides after repeated applications in fruit tree orchards. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 39:60–65.Google Scholar
Senseman, S. A. 2007. Herbicide Handbook. 9th ed. Lawrence, KS Weed Science Society of America. 458 p.Google Scholar
Shaner, D. and Henry, W. B. 2007. Field history and dissipation of atrazine and metolachlor in Colorado. J. Environ. Qual. 36:128–134.Google Scholar
Shaner, D. L., Henry, W. B., Krutz, L. J., and Hanson, B. 2007. Rapid assay for detecting enhanced atrazine degradation in soil. Weed Sci. 55:528–535.Google Scholar
Sirons, G. J., Frank, R., and Sawyer, T. 1973. Residues of atrazine, cyanazine and their phytotoxic metabolites in a clay loam soil. J. Agric. Food Chem. 25:1016–1020.Google Scholar
Skipper, H. D., Gilmour, C. M., and Furtick, W. R. 1967. Microbial versus chemical degradation of atrazine in soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 31:653–656.Google Scholar
Suett, D. L., Jukes, A. A., and Phelps, K. 1993. Stability of accelerated degradation of soil applied insecticides: laboratory behavior of aldicarb and carbofuran in relation to their efficacy against cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) in previously-treated field soils. Crop Prot. 12:431–442.Google Scholar
[UC-ANR] University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. 2009. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Grapes. http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PDF/PMG/pmggrape.pdf. Accessed: January 10, 2012.Google Scholar
Wackett, L. P., Sadowsky, M. J., Martinez, B., and Shapir, N. 2002. Biodegradation of atrazine and related s-triazine compounds: from enzymes to field studies. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 58:39–45.Google Scholar
Weaver, M. A., Krutz, L. J., Zablotowicz, R. M., and Reddy, K. N. 2007. Effects of glyphosate on soil microbial communities and its mineralization in a Mississippi soil. Pest Manag. Sci. 63:388–393.Google Scholar
Walker, A. 1976. Simulation of herbicide persistence in soil, II: simazine and linuron in long term experiments. Pestic. Sci. 7:50–58.Google Scholar
Walker, A. and Zimdahl, R. L. 1981. Simulation of the persistence of atrazine, linuron, and metolachlor in soil at different sites in the USA. Weed Res. 21:255–265.Google Scholar
Wauchope, R. D., Butler, T. M., Hornsby, A. G., Augustine-Becers, P. M., and Burt, P. P. 1992. The SCS/ARS/CES pesticide properties database for environmental decision making. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 123:1–155.Google Scholar