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Effects of Glyphosate on the Metabolism of Phenolic Compounds: VII. Root-Fed Amino Acids and Glyphosate Toxicity in Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

S. O. Duke  and
R. E. Hoagland
S. O. Duke
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., Agric. Res., Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Stoneville, MS 38776
R. E. Hoagland
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., Agric. Res., Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Stoneville, MS 38776
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Abstract

Several regimes of supplying exogenous aromatic amino acids to intact, 3-day-old, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hill’] seedlings by root uptake were tested to determine if growth retardation caused by root-fed, 0.5 mM glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] could be reversed. Generally, root-fed levels of aromatic amino acids just below growth-retarding levels (e.g. 1 mM phenylalanine + 0.1 mM tyrosine) reversed root growth inhibition caused by glyphosate to a small (ca. 10%) but significant extent. Feeding aromatic amino acids for 1 to 3 days before glyphosate exposure did not enhance the reversal. Uptake and metabolism of root-fed, aromatic amino acids in control and glyphosate-treated plants were verified by increased levels of hydroxyphenolic compounds (end products of aromatic amino acid metabolism) and by uptake and incorporation of 14C-labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine. On a fresh weight basis, glyphosate had no inhibitory effect on uptake or incorporation of these amino acids into protein or secondary phenolic compounds. After 3 days of exposure, glyphosate had no substantial effects on shikimate dehydrogenase activity in control or aromatic amino acid-fed seedlings. These data suggest that either root-fed aromatic amino acids are compartmentalized differently than the endogenous pools affected by glyphosate or that root-fed glyphosate exerts most of its effect on growth of soybean seedlings through means other than inhibition of aromatic amino acid synthesis.

Keywords

N-(phosphonomethyl)glycinearomatic amino acidssecondary metabolismherbicide
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , May 1981 , pp. 297 - 302
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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