Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-31T18:56:25.688Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Crop Residue on Seedling Emergence and Growth of Selected Weed Species in a Sprinkler-Irrigated Zero-Till Dry-Seeded Rice System

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bhagirath S. Chauhan  and
Seth B. Abugho
Bhagirath S. Chauhan*
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
Seth B. Abugho
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
*
Corresponding author's e-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Crop residues acting as mulches can influence weed seedling emergence and weed biomass. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rice residue amounts (0, 3, and 6 t ha−1) on seedling emergence of eight weed species in zero-till dry-seeded rice. The highest seedling emergence of spiny amaranth, southern crabgrass, crowfootgrass, junglerice, eclipta, goosegrass, and Chinese sprangletop was observed in the absence of residue. Seedling emergence of these weeds declined with increasing residue amounts; however, the greatest and most substantial reductions in emergence occurred with 6 t ha−1 of residue. The presence of residue also resulted in less weed biomass than with the no-residue treatment. The emergence and biomass of threelobe morningglory seedlings, however, were not influenced by residue amounts. The use of residue also increased the time taken to reach 50% of maximum emergence for some species, for example, spiny amaranth and Chinese sprangletop. The results of our study suggest that the use of residue at high rates can help suppress seedling emergence and growth of many weeds. However, there is a need to integrate other weed management strategies with residue retention to achieve season-long weed control.

Keywords

Spiny amaranth, Amaranthus spinosus L. AMASPcrowfootgrass, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. DTTAEsouthern crabgrass, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. DIGSPjunglerice, Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, ECHCOeclipta, Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. ECLALgoosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. ELEINthreelobe morningglory, Ipomoea triloba L. IPOTRChinese sprangletop, Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees. LEFCHrice, Oryza sativa LAsiamulchriceweed emergencezero-till
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 403 - 409
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Benvenuti, S., Dinelli, G., and Bonetti, A. 2004. Germination ecology of Leptochloa chinensis: a new weed in the Italian agro-environment. Weed Res. 44:87–96.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. 2011. Crowfootgrass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) germination and response to herbicides in the Philippines. Weed Sci. 59:512–516.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. 2012a. Weed ecology and weed management strategies for dry-seeded rice in Asia. Weed Technol. 26:1–13.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. 2012b. Can knowledge in seed ecology contribute to improved weed management in direct-seeded rice? Current Sci. 103:486–489.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Abugho, S. B. 2012a. Interaction of rice residue and PRE herbicides on emergence and biomass of four weed species. Weed Technol. 26:627–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Abugho, S. B. 2012b. Threelobe morningglory (Ipomoea triloba) germination and response to herbicides. Weed Sci. 60:199–204.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G., and Preston, C. 2006a. Influence of tillage systems on vertical distribution, seedling recruitment and persistence of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) seed bank. Weed Sci. 54:669–676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G., and Preston, C. 2006b. Seedling recruitment pattern and depth of recruitment of 10 weed species in minimum tillage and no-till seeding systems. Weed Sci. 54:658–668.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G., and Preston, C. 2006c. Tillage system effects on weed ecology, herbicide activity and persistence: a review. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 46:1557–1570.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G., and Preston, C. 2007. Effect of seeding systems and dinitroaniline herbicides on emergence and control of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in wheat. Weed Technol. 21:53–58.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2008a. Influence of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of eclipta (Eclipta prostrata) in a tropical environment. Weed Sci. 56:383–388.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2008b. Germination ecology of goosegrass (Eleusine indica): an important grass weed of rainfed rice. Weed Sci. 56:699–706.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2008c. Germination ecology of southern crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris) and India crabgrass (Digitaria longiflora): two important weeds of rice in tropics. Weed Sci. 56:722–728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2008d. Germination ecology of Chinese sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis) in the Philippines. Weed Sci. 56:820–825.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2009a. Seed germination ecology of junglerice (Echinochloa colona): a major weed of rice. Weed Sci. 57:235–240.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2009b. Influence of tillage systems on weed seedling emergence pattern in rainfed rice. Soil Till. Res. 106:15–21.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2009c. Germination ecology of spiny (Amaranthus spinosus) and slender amaranth (A. viridis): troublesome weeds of direct seeded rice. Weed Sci. 57:379–385.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2010a. The role of seed ecology in improving weed management strategies in the tropics. Adv. Agron. 105:221–262.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2010b. Implications of narrow crop row spacing and delayed Echinochloa colona and Echinochloa crus-galli emergence for weed growth and crop yield loss in aerobic rice. Field Crops Res. 117:177–182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Mahajan, G. 2012. Role of integrated weed management strategies in sustaining conservation agriculture systems. Curr. Sci. 103:135–136.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S. and Opeña, J. 2012. Effect of tillage systems and herbicides on weed emergence, weed growth, and grain yield in dry-seeded rice systems. Field Crops Res. 137:56–69.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S., Mahajan, G., Sardana, V., Timsina, J., and Jat, M. L. 2012a. Productivity and sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of the Indian subcontinent: problems, opportunities, and strategies. Adv. Agron. 117:315–369.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S., Singh, R. G., and Mahajan, G. 2012b. Ecology and management of weeds under conservation agriculture: a review. Crop Prot. 38:57–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crutchfield, D. A., Wicks, G. A., and Burnside, O. C. 1985. Effect of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw mulch level on weed control. Weed Sci. 34:110–114.Google Scholar
Davis, A. S. 2007. Nitrogen fertilizer and crop residue effects on seed mortality and germination of eight annual weed species. Weed Sci. 55:123–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, R. K., Ladha, J. K., Singh, S., Singh, R., Jat, M. L., Saharawat, Y., Singh, V. P., Singh, S. S., Singh, G., Sah, G., Gathala, M., Sharma, R. K., Gill, M. S., Alam, M., Rehman, H.M.U., Singh, U. P., Mann, R. A., Pathak, H., Chauhan, B. S., Bhattacharya, P., and Malik, R. K. 2006. Production technology for direct seeded rice. New Delhi, India Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Rice-Wheat Consortium Technical Bulletin 8. 16 p.Google Scholar
Kong, C.-H., Hu, F., Wang, P., and Wu, J.-L. 2008. Effect of allelopathic rice varieties combined with cultural management options on paddy field weeds. Pest Manag. Sci. 64:276–282.Google Scholar
Mahajan, G., Chauhan, B. S., Timsina, J., Singh, P. P., and Singh, K. 2012. Crop performance and water- and nitrogen-use efficiencies in dry-seeded rice in response to irrigation and fertilizer amounts in northwest India. Field Crops Res. 134:59–70.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. 1991. Effects of tillage and mulch on weed biomass and sweet corn yield. Weed Technol. 5:545–552.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Teasdale, J. R. 1993. Response of weed emergence to rate of Vicia villosa Roth and Secale cereale L. residue. Weed Res. 33:487–499.Google Scholar
Singh, S., Ladha, J. K., Gupta, R. K., Bhusan, L., Rao, A. N., Sivaprasad, B., and Singh, P. P. 2007. Evaluation of mulching, intercropping with Sesbania and herbicide use for weed management in dry-seeded rice (Oryza sativa). Crop Prot. 26:518–524.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Mohler, C. L. 1993. Light transmittance, soil temperature, and soil moisture under residue of hairy vetch and rye. Agron. J. 85:673–680.Google Scholar
Triplett, G. B. Jr. and VanDoren, D. M. Jr. 1977. Agriculture without tillage. Scient. Am. 236:28–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuong, T. P. and Bouman, B.A.M. 2003. Rice production in water-scarce environments. Pages 53–67 in Kijne, J. W., Barker, R., and Molden, D., eds. Water Productivity in Agriculture: Limits and Opportunities for Improvements. Wallingford, UK CABI.Google Scholar