Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T17:35:46.606Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Biennial Wormwood (Artemisia biennis) Interference on Sunflower Yield and Seed Quality

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Derek W. Lewis ,
Andrea Cavalieri  and
Robert H. Gulden
Derek W. Lewis
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
Andrea Cavalieri
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
Robert H. Gulden*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Biennial wormwood has been increasing in Manitoba, Canada, but information is limited on the potential of biennial wormwood to reduce crop yields. Field experiments were conducted over 5 site-yr throughout southern Manitoba in 2010 and 2011 to determine the effect of biennial wormwood density and relative time of biennial wormwood seedling recruitment on sunflower growth, development, yield, and seed quality. Biennial wormwood was broadcast on the soil surface at six densities into sunflowers planted in 75-cm rows, either at the same time the sunflower crop was planted (early weed seedling recruitment) or when the sunflowers were at about the four-leaf stage (late weed seedling recruitment). When biennial wormwood emerged at about the same time as the sunflowers, yield was reduced by up to 46%. Early-recruiting biennial wormwood had minimal effect on sunflower growth and development, but sunflower achene size and individual achene weight were reduced, even when no effect on sunflower yield was observed. Biennial wormwood plants that recruited after the four-leaf stage of the sunflower crop had no effect on sunflower yield or seed quality.

Keywords

Biennial wormwood, Artemisia biennis Willd., ARTBIsunflower, Helianthus annuus L.Crop–weed interferenceplant competitionrectangular hyperbolayield loss
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 154 - 160
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: John L. Linquist, University of Nebraska.

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous (2007) Manitoba Soil Fertility Guide. Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives. 74 p. http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/soil-fertility/soil-fertility-guide/pubs/soil_fertility_guide.pdf. Accessed May 5, 2015Google Scholar
Anonymous (2011) Sunflower Seeds—Chapter 14, Official Grain Grading Guide. Pages 16 p. http://www.grainscanada.gc.ca/oggg-gocg/14/oggg-gocg-14-eng.htm. Accessed May 5, 2015Google Scholar
Anonymous (2013) Top Ten Worst Weeds in Sunflowers. http://www.sunflowernsa.com/growers/weeds/biennial-wormwood/. Accessed May 5, 2015Google Scholar
Anonymous (2014) National Sunflower Research Strategy. Pages 13 p. http://www.canadasunflower.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/FINAL-National-Sunflower-Research-Strategy_cp_March-27-2014.pdf. Accessed May 6, 2015Google Scholar
Blackshaw, RE (1993) Downy brome (Bromus tectorum) density and relative time of emergence affects interference in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Sci 41:551–556 Google Scholar
Carranza, P, Saavedra, M, Garcia–Torres, L (1995) Competition between Ridolfia segetum and sunflower. Weed Res 35:369–375 Google Scholar
Chubb, WO (1975) Weed competition in sunflower. Pp 129–132 in Proceedings of the Manitoba Agronomist Conference, Technology Papers. Winnipeg, MB: University of Manitoba Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences Google Scholar
Chubb, WO, Friesen, GH (1985) Wild oat interference in sunflower. Can J Plant Sci 65:219–222 Google Scholar
Cousens, R (1985) A simple model relating yield loss to weed density. Ann Appl Biol 107:239–252 Google Scholar
Durgan, BR, Dexter, AG, Miller, SD (1990) Kochia (Kochia scoparia) interference in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Weed Technol 4:52–56 Google Scholar
Fronning, BE, Kegode, GO (2004) Biennial wormwood (Artemisia biennis) early-season control with herbicides. Weed Technol 18:611–618 Google Scholar
Grenz, JH, Istoc, VA, Manschadi, AM, Sauerborn, J (2008) Interactions of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana) as affected by sowing date, resource supply and infestation level. Field Crop Res 107:170–179 Google Scholar
Johnson, BJ (1971) Effect of weed competition on sunflowers. Weed Sci 19:378–380 Google Scholar
Kandel, H (2011) 2010 National Sunflower Association Survey. http://www.sunflowernsa.com/uploads/resources/554/2010_nsa_crop_survey.pdf. Accessed April 20, 2015Google Scholar
Kegode, GO, Darbyshire, SJ (2013) The biology of Canadian weeds. 152. Artemisia biennis Willd. Can J Plant Sci 93:648–653 Google Scholar
Kegode, GO, Fronning, BE (2005) Artemisia biennis (biennial wormwood) control is influenced by plant size and weed flora at time of herbicide application. Crop Prot 24:915–920 Google Scholar
Knezevic, SZ, Weise, SF, Swanton, CJ (1994) Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci 42:568–573 Google Scholar
Kvalseth, TO (1985) Cautionary note about R 2 . Am Stat 39:279–285 Google Scholar
Leeson, YJ, Thomas, AG, Andrews, T, Brown, KR, Van Acker, RC (2002) Manitoba weed survey, cereal and oilseed crops in 2002. Weed Survey Series Publ. 02-2. Saskatoon, SK: Agriculture and Agri–Food Canada, 191 pGoogle Scholar
Lewis, WD, Gulden, RH (2014) Effect of kochia (Kochia scoparia) interference on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) yield. Weed Sci 62:158–165 Google Scholar
Lindquist, JT, Mortensen, DA, Clay, SA, Schmenk, R, Kells, JJ, Howatt, K, Westra, P (1996) Stability of corn (Zea mays)—velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) interference relationships. Weed Sci 44:309–313 Google Scholar
Lund, RE (1975) Tables for an approximate test for outliers in linear models. Technometrics 17:473–476 Google Scholar
Mahoney, KJ, Kegode, GO (2004) Biennial wormwood (Artemisia biennis) biomass allocation and seed production. Weed Sci 52:246–254 Google Scholar
Nelson, EA, Kegode, GO (2000) Interference of biennial wormwood in soybean. Page 74 in Proceedings of the Western Society of Weed Science 53. Newark, CA Western Society of Weed Science [Abstract] Google Scholar
Nelson, EA, Kegode, GO (2005) Biennial wormwood (Artemisia biennis) competition with soybean (Glycine max). Phytoprotection 86:125–132 Google Scholar
Onofri, A, Tei, F (1994) Competitive ability and threshold levels of three broadleaf weed species in sunflower. Weed Res 34:471–479 Google Scholar
Pennacci, E, Tei, F (2014) Effect of mechanical and chemical control methods on weed control, weed seed rain and crop yield in maize, sunflower and soybean. Crop Prot 64:51–59 Google Scholar
Putt, ED (1977) Early history of sunflower. Pages 1–19 in Schneiter, AA, ed. Sunflower Technology and Production. Madison, WI American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America Google Scholar
Reddy, AM, Reddy, GP, Reddy, DS (2008) Effect of crop–weed competition in sunflower. Res Crop 9:580–581 Google Scholar
Swanton, CJ, Weise, SF (1991) Integrated weed management: the rationale and approach. Weed Technol 5:648–656 Google Scholar
Woon, CK (1987) Effect of two row spacings and hemp sesbania competition on sunflower. J Agron Crop Sci 159:15–20 Google Scholar
Zollinger, R, Ciernia, M (2007) Biology and management of biennial wormwood. Fargo, ND North Dakota State University Extension Service, North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. 12 pGoogle Scholar