Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T10:47:55.338Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Determination of Cardinal Temperatures of Flax-leaf Alyssum (Alyssum linifolium) in Response to Salinity, pH, and Drought Stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2018

Ahmadreza Mobli
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Agrotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Ali Ghanbari
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Mehdi Rastgoo*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
*
*Author for correspondence: Mehdi Rastgoo, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract

Flax-leaf alyssum (Alyssum linifolium Steph. ex. Willd.) is a winter weed species in irrigated and dryland farming systems of Iran. Experiments were conducted to compare the cardinal temperatures of A. linifolium at different levels of drought, salt concentration, and pH. In all experiments, the dent-like model showed a better fit than the quadratic polynomial model. Alyssum linifolium produced the highest germination rates at pH 7 and a temperature of 20C in nonstress treatment. Minimum, optimum, and ceiling temperatures in the dent-like model were 4.1 (upper=26.8, lower=10.0) and 35C, and in the quadratic polynomial model were 3.3, 19.1, and 35.0C, respectively. At increased salinity and drought potential levels, the minimum temperature increased, while optimum and ceiling temperatures decreased. Seeds could germinate at up to 20 dS m−1 and −1 MPa, respectively, but germination rate and percentage significantly decreased. The seeds of this weed germinated across a wide range of pH values (4≤pH≥8), but the temperature range at which seeds could germinate was reduced. These data serve as guidelines for species-specific propagation protocols and agricultural decision support systems.

Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alvarado, V, Bradford, KJ (2002) A hydrothermal time model explains the cardinal temperatures for seed germination. Plant Cell Environ 25:10611069 Google Scholar
Archibold, OW (1995) Ecology of World Vegetation. London, UK: Chapman and Hall Google Scholar
Aryavand, A (1996) Numerical taxonomic study of the Iranian species of Alyssum L. based on morphological characters. J Sci I R Iran 7:129136 Google Scholar
Atashi, S, Bakhshandeh, E, Zeinali, Z, Yassari, E, Teixeira da Silva, JA (2014) Modeling seed germination in Melisa officinalis L. in response to temperature and water potential. Acta Physiol Plant 36:605611 Google Scholar
Baskin, CC, Baskin, JM (1988) Germination ecophysiology of herbaceous plant species in a temperate region. Am J Bot 75:286305 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolourian, S, Pakravan, M (2011) A morphometric study of the annual species of Alyssum (Brassicaceae) in Iran based on their macro-and micromorphological characters. Phytol Balc 17:283289 Google Scholar
Bradford, KJ (1995) Water relations in seed germination. Pages 351396 in Kigel J & Galili, G eds, Seed Development and Germination. New York: Marcel Dekker Google Scholar
Bradford, KJ (2002) Applications of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy. Weed Sci 50:248260 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chachalis, D, Korres, N, Khah, EM (2008) Factors affecting seed germination and emergence of venice mallow (Hibiscus trionum). Weed Sci 56:509515 Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Johnson, DE (2008) Influence of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of eclipta (Eclipta prostrata) in a tropical environment. Weed Sci 56:383388 Google Scholar
Chejara, VK, Kristiansen, P, Whalley, RDB, Sindel, BM, Nadolny, C (2008) Factors affecting germination of coolatai grass (Hyparrhenia hirta). Weed Sci 56:543548 Google Scholar
Ebrahimi, E, Eslami, SV (2012) Effect of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of invasive Ceratocarpus arenarius . Weed Res 52:5059 Google Scholar
Garcia-Huidobro, J, Monteith, JL, Squire, GR (1982) Time, temperature and germination of pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides S. & H.). I. Constant temperature. J Exp Bot 33:288296 Google Scholar
Gardarin, A, Dürr, C, Colbach, N (2011) Prediction of germination rates of weed species: relationships between germination speed parameters and species traits. Ecol Model 222:626636 Google Scholar
Garg, G (2010) Response in germination and seedling growth in Phaseolus mungo under salt and drought stress. J Environ Biol 31:261264 Google ScholarPubMed
Geissler, N, Hussin, S, Koyro, HW (2009) Interactive effects of NaCl salinity and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on growth, photosynthesis, water relations and chemical composition of the potential cash crop halophyte Aster tripolium L. Environ Exper Bot 65:220231 Google Scholar
Gherekhloo, J, Oveisi, M, Zand, E, De Prado, R (2016) A review of herbicide resistance in Iran. Weed Sci 64:551561 Google Scholar
Gortner, RA Jr (1949) Outlines of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley. Pp 8287 Google Scholar
Guo, P, Al-Khatib, K (2003) Temperature effects on germination and growth of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Palmer amaranth (A. palmeri), and common waterhemp (A. rudis). Weed Sci 51:869875 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Seed Testing Association (2010) International rules for seed testing. 10th ed. Switzerland. International Seed Testing Association Pp 516 Google Scholar
Javaid, MM, Tanveer, A (2014) Germination ecology of Emex spinosa and Emex australis, invasive weeds of winter crops. Weed Res 54:565575 Google Scholar
Jones, JW (1993) Decision support systems for agricultural development. Pages 459472 in deVries FP, Teng P & Metselaar K. eds, Systems Approaches for Agricultural Development. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer Google Scholar
Kiniry, JR, Rosenthal, WD, Jackson, BS, Hoogenboom, G (1991) Predicting leaf development of crop plants. Pages 2942 in Hodges T, ed. Predicting Crop Phenology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Google Scholar
Laghmouchi, Y, Belmehdi, O, Bouyahya, A, Senhaji, NS, Abrini, J (2017) Effect of temperature, salt stress and pH on seed germination of medicinal plant Origanum compactum . Biocat Agric Biotech 10:156160 Google Scholar
Li, Q, Tan, J, Li, W, Yuan, G, Du, L, Ma, S, Wang, J (2015) Effects of environmental factors on seed germination and emergence of Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus). Weed Sci 63:641646 Google Scholar
Maguire, JD (1962) Speed of germination–aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Sci 2:176177 Google Scholar
Magyar, L, Lukacs, D (2002) Recent data on seed dormancy and germination ecology of annual mercury (Mercurialis annua L.). Pages 374375 in, Proceedings of the 12th European Weed Research Society Symposium. Doorwerth. Netherlands: European Weed Research Society Google Scholar
Marcos, JO, Jason, KN (2006) Pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) germination and emergence as affected by environmental factors and seeding depth. Weed Sci 54:910916 Google Scholar
Mesgaran, MB, Madani, K, Hashemi, H, Azadi, P (2017a) Iran’s land suitability for agriculture. Sci Rep 7:112 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mesgaran, MB, Onofri, A, Mashhadi, HR, Cousens, RD (2017b) Water availability shifts the optimal temperatures for seed germination: a modeling approach. Ecol Model 351:8795 Google Scholar
Michel, BE (1983) Evaluation of the water potentials of solutions of polyethylene glycol 8000. Plant Physiol 72:6670 Google Scholar
Mozaffarian, V (2007) Flora of Iran. Tehran: Research Centre of Forests and Rangelands. Pp 5055 Google Scholar
Norris, RF (2002) Weed Science Society of America weed biology survey. Weed Sci 45:343348 Google Scholar
Parmoon, G, Moosavi, SA, Akbari, H, Ebadi, A (2015) Quantifying cardinal temperatures and thermal time required for germination of Silybum marianum seed. Crop J 3:145151 Google Scholar
Poliakoff-Mayber, A, Somers, GF, Werker, E, Gallagher, JI (1994) Seeds of Kosteletzky virginica (Malvaceae), their structure, germination and salt tolerance. Am J Bot 81:5459 Google Scholar
Prado, FE, Boero, C, Gallardo, M, Gonzalez, JA (2000) Effect of NaCl on germination, growth, and soluble sugar content in Chenopodium quinona seeds. Bot Bull Acad Sin 41:2734 Google Scholar
Rechinger, KH (1968) Alyssum L. Pp. 146170 in Rechinger KH ed, Flora Iranica. Volume 57. Austria: Akademische Druck-und Verlagsanstalt, GrazGoogle Scholar
Sellers, BA, Smeda, RJ, Johnson, WG, Kendig, JA, Ellersieck, MR (2003) Comparative growth of six Amaranthus species in Missouri. Weed Sci 51:329333 Google Scholar
Singh, M, Ramries, AH, Sharma, ShD, Jhala, AJ (2012) Factors affecting the germination of tall morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea). Weed Sci 60:6468 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sohrabi, S, Ghanbari, A, Rasehd Mohassel, MH, Gherekhloo, J, Vidal, RA (2016) Effects of environmental factors on Cucumis melo L. subsp. agrestis var. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo seed germination and seedling emergence. S Afr J Bot 105:18 Google Scholar
Swanton, CJ, Mahoney, KJ, Chandler, K, Gulden, RH (2008) Integrated weed management: knowledge-based weed management systems. Weed Sci 56:168172 Google Scholar
Taab, A, Andersson, L (2009) Primary dormancy and seedling emergence of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) and hairy nightshade (Solanum physalifolium). Weed Sci 57:526532 Google Scholar
Vleeshouwers, LM, Bouwmeester, HJ, Karssen, CM (1995) Redefining seed dormancy: an attempt to integrate physiology and ecology. J Ecol 1:10311037 Google Scholar
Wang, R, Bai, Y, Tanino, K (2005) Germination of winterfat (Eurotia lanata (Pursh) Moq.) seeds at reduced water potentials: testing assumptions of hydrothermal time model. Environ Exper Bot 53:4963 Google Scholar
Zimdahl, RL, ed (2004) Weed–Crop Competition: A Review. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. 220 pGoogle Scholar