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Competition, Growth Rate, and CO2 Fixation in Triazine-Susceptible and -Resistant Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

William H. Ahrens  and
E. W. Stoller
William H. Ahrens
Affiliation:
Agron. Dep., Univ. of Illinois
E. W. Stoller
Affiliation:
Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agron. Dep., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
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Abstract

Triazine-susceptible (S) and -resistant (R) biotypes of smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.) were grown in the field under competitive conditions at varying initial proportions of S and R plants. R plants were less competitive than S plants as measured by accumulation of total above-ground dry weight and seed dry weight. S and R plants were also grown in the field under non-competitive conditions at 100, 40, and 10% light. Growth rate at 10% light did not differ between S and R plants. At the two higher light intensities, dry-matter accumulation 11 weeks after seeding was about 40% less in the R plants. At 100% light, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were lower in the R plants by about 3.5 and 19%, respectively. The light- and CO2-saturated rates of CO2 fixation in intact leaves of glasshouse-grown R plants were 20% less than those in S plants. An apparent 10 and 20% greater number of chlorophyll molecules per photosystem II reaction center in R plants (as compared with S plants) grown in the field at 40 and 100% light, respectively, did not explain differences between the S and R biotypes in photo synthetic capacity. The S and R plants did not differ in specific leaf weight or chlorophyll content on a leaf-area basis. Lower growth rate of R plants may be responsible for inferior competitive ability of R biotypes and could be the result of an impaired photosynthetic capacity.

Keywords

Amaranthus hybridusrelative growth ratenet assimilation raterelative competitiveness
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 31 , Issue 4 , July 1983 , pp. 438 - 444
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 Weed Science Society of America 

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