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Chaff collection reduces seed dispersal of wild oat (Avena fatua) by a combine harvester

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Steven J. Shirtliffe  and
Martin H. Entz
Martin H. Entz
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Abstract

Combine harvesters have the potential to disperse weed seeds great distances. Reducing this dispersal may be important in an integrated weed management system. The objectives of this study were to determine the distance that wild oat seeds are dispersed by a combine harvester and the effect of chaff collection on combine harvester seed dispersal. This was measured by sampling wild oat seeds at varying distances behind a combine equipped with a removable chaff collection system after it passed through a wild oat patch. Chaff collection consistently reduced the amount and distance that wild oat seeds were dispersed. This occurred because more than 74% of the total wild oat seed that were ejected from the combine were in the chaff. Because most of the chaff falls in a row directly behind the combine, chaff collection only affected dispersal in this area. In 1996, chaff collection reduced wild oat seed dispersal past the wild oat patch to less than 10 seeds m−2 at 45 m, whereas without chaff collection, there was greater than 10 seeds m−2 up to 145 m. At distances beyond 145 m, chaff collection had no significant effect on seed dispersal. Chaff collection may be an important tool in an integrated weed management program because it may slow weed invasions and reduce the expansion of weed patches.

Keywords

Wild oat, Avena fatua L. AVEFAIntegrated weed managementseed catchingspatial dynamicsweed patches
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 53 , Issue 4 , August 2005 , pp. 465 - 470
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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