Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-m9pkr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-15T21:54:45.462Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Bristly Starbur (Acanthospermum hispidum) Interference in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Robert H. Walker ,
Larry W. Wells  and
John A. McGuire
Robert H. Walker
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils
Larry W. Wells
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils
John A. McGuire
Affiliation:
Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., AL 36849
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effects of bristly starbur interference with peanuts were studied from 1980 through 1983 on a Dothan sandy loam (Plinthic Paleudults). Peanut seed yields, which included kernels plus hulls, were reduced as bristly starbur densities increased from 2 to 64 plants/7.5 m of row. Full-season interference from 8, 16, 32, and 64 bristly starbur plants/7.5 m of row reduced peanut seed yields 14, 26, 43, and 50%, respectively. The seed yield of peanuts maintained weed free for 6 weeks after crop emergence was reduced by no more than 3% compared to peanuts maintained weed free for the entire season. Weed interference for 2 weeks after crop emergence reduced seed yield by an average of 4% over the 3-yr period, based on prediction equations. Bristly starbur interference for 13 weeks after crop emergence reduced peanut forage dry weight yield by 54%. Similarly, peanut interference for 13 weeks after emergence reduced bristly starbur forage dry weight yield by 32%. Bristly starbur density in the forage dry weight studies averaged 35/7.5 m of row. These bristly starbur were confined to a 35-cm band over the drill. Peanut density averaged 72/7.5 m of drill.

Keywords

Bristly starbur, Acanthospermum hispidum DC. ♯3 ACNHIpeanuts, Arachis hypogea L.CompetitiondensitiesthresholdsACNHI
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 2 , March 1989 , pp. 196 - 200
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Anonymous. 1980. Weed survey. Res. Rep. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 33.165–197.Google Scholar
2. Barrentine, W. L. 1974. Common cocklebur competition in soybeans. Weed Sci. 22:600–603.Google Scholar
3. Bloomberg, J. R., Kirkpatrick, B. L., and Wax, L. M. 1982. Competition of common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) with soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 30:507–513.Google Scholar
4. Buchanan, G. A. and Burns, E. R. 1970. Influence of weed competition on cotton. Weed Sci. 18:149–154.Google Scholar
5. Buchanan, G. A. and Burns, E. R. 1971. Weed competition in cotton. I. Sicklepod and tall morningglory. Weed Sci. 19:576–579.Google Scholar
6. Buchanan, G. A., Crowley, R. H., Street, J. E., and McGuire, J. A. 1980. Competition of sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 28:258–262.Google Scholar
7. Chamblee, R. W., Thompson, L. Jr., and Coble, H. D. 1982. Interference of broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Sci. 30:45–49.Google Scholar
8. Chandler, J. M. 1977. Competition of spurred anoda, velvetleaf, prickly sida, and Venice mallow in cotton. Weed Sci. 25:151–161.Google Scholar
9. Coble, H. D. and Ritter, R. L. 1978. Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum) interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 26:556–559.Google Scholar
10. Hauser, E. W., Buchanan, G. A., and Ethredge, W. J. 1975. Competition of Florida beggarweed and sicklepod with peanuts. I. Effects of periods of weed-free maintenance on weed competition. Weed Sci. 23: 368–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Hauser, E. W., Buchanan, G. A., Nichols, R. L., and Patterson, R. M. 1982. Effects of Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum) and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) yield. Weed Sci. 30:602–604.Google Scholar
12. Hill, L. V. and Santelmann, P. W. 1969. Competitive effects of annual weeds on spanish peanuts. Weed Sci. 17:1–2.Google Scholar
13. Snipes, C. E., Buchanan, G. A., Street, J. E., and McGuire, J. A. 1982. Competition of common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 30:553–556.Google Scholar
14. Wilson, H. P. and Cole, R. H. 1986. Morningglory competition in soybeans. Weed Sci. 25:43–47.Google Scholar
15. York, A. C. and Coble, H. D. 1977. Fall panicum interference in peanuts. Weed Sci. 25:43–47.Google Scholar