Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:09:37.429Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An Improved Method to Shorten Physiological Dormancy of Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) Seed

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2019

Nick T. Harre Open the ORCID record for Nick T. Harre [Opens in a new window] ,
Stephen C. Weller  and
Bryan G. Young
Nick T. Harre*
Affiliation:
Visiting Scholar, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Stephen C. Weller
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Bryan G. Young
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Nick T. Harre, Visiting Scholar, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907. (Email: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Timely results from whole-plant, herbicide-resistant weed screenings are crucial to heighten grower awareness. However, the high degree of physiological dormancy of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) seed exacerbates this process. The most effective methods for alleviating dormancy, to date, are either labor-intensive (embryo excision) or require several weeks (soil stratification). This research describes a conditioning process involving clipping and aeration of seed in water that is highly effective at alleviating dormancy and requires less skill and time compared with previous techniques. Ambrosia trifida seeds were collected over 2 yr at two different collection timings (September 25, “early”; October 25, “late”), subjected to various treatments intended to release dormancy, and evaluated for emergence over 18 d in the greenhouse. The use of germination-promoting chemicals (ethephon, gibberellic acid, and thiourea) generally provided no increase in emergence compared with water and occasionally produced seedlings with abnormal growth unsuitable for further experimentation. Conditioning yielded between 30% and 33% emergence for both early and late collections of seeds with no afterripening period compared with 0% emergence for seeds imbibed in water. Following an 8-wk period of dry storage at 4 C, conditioning yielded nearly 80% emergence for both collection timings, while emergence of seeds imbibed in water was 10% and 27% for early and late collections, respectively. Soil stratification in moist soil for 8 wk at 4 C was the second most effective treatment, yielding 46% to 49% emergence across both collections. Parameters of the Weibull function further indicated the conditioning treatment had the fastest rate of emergence and shortest lag phase between planting and first emergence. Methods to germinate A. trifida without an afterripening period have previously been unsuccessful. Therefore, the seed-conditioning method outlined in this work will be useful in expediting the confirmation of herbicide-resistant A. trifida incidences.

Keywords

Franck E. Dayan, Colorado State UniversityAfterripeningdormancy alleviationethephongibberellic acidseed dormancyseed stratificationthioureaWeibull
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 67 , Issue 2 , March 2019 , pp. 205 - 213
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abul-Fatih, HA, Bazzaz, FA (1979) The biology of Ambrosia trifida L. II. Germination, emergence, growth and survival. New Phytol 83:817–827 Google Scholar
Amatangelo, JR (1974) Infestation of seeds of Ambrosia trifida, giant ragweed, by larval insects. Bios 45:15–18 Google Scholar
Ballard, TO, Foley, ME, Bauman, TT (1996) Germination, viability, and protein changes during cold stratification of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) seed. J Plant Physiol 149:229–232 Google Scholar
Baskin, CC, Baskin, JM, eds (1998) Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. San Diego: Academic Press. 666 pGoogle Scholar
Baskin, JM, Baskin, CC (2004) A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Sci Res 14:1–16 Google Scholar
Baysinger, JA, Sims, BD (1991) Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci 39:358–362 Google Scholar
Beckie, HJ (2011) Herbicide-resistant weed management: focus on glyphosate. Pest Manag Sci 67:1037–1048 Google Scholar
Bewley, JD, Bradford, KJ, HWM, Hilhorst, Nonogaki, H, eds (2013) Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy. 3rd ed. New York: Springer. 392 pGoogle Scholar
Brabham, CB, Gerber, CK, Johnson, WG (2011) Fate of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) in the presence and absence of glyphosate. Weed Sci 59:506–511 Google Scholar
Brocklehurst, PA, Rankin, WEF, Thomas, TH (1982) Stimulation of celery seed germination and seedling growth with combined ethephon, gibberellin and polyethylene glycol seed treatments. Plant Growth Regul 1:195–202 Google Scholar
Brown, RF (1987) Germination of Aristida armata under constant and alternating temperatures and its analysis with the cumulative Weibull distribution as a model. Aust J Bot 35:581–591 Google Scholar
Brown, RF, Mayer, DG (1988) Representing cumulative germination. 2. The use of the Weibull function and other empirically derived curves. Ann Bot 61:127–138 Google Scholar
Burgos, NR, Tranel, PJ, Streibig, JC, Davis, VM, Shaner, D, Norsworthy, JK, Ritz, C (2013) Review: confirmation of resistance to herbicides and evaluation of resistance levels. Weed Sci 61:4–20 Google Scholar
Davis, WE (1930) Primary dormancy, after-ripening, and the development of secondary dormancy in embryos of Ambrosia trifida . Am J Bot 17:58–76 Google Scholar
Diekmann, F, Ford, RA, Harrison, SK, Regnier, EE, Venkatesh, R (2013) Bibliometric analysis of the literature on giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.). J Agr Food Info 14:290–320 Google Scholar
Dubey, SD (1967) Normal and Weibull distributions. Nav Res Logist Q 15:179–188 Google Scholar
Everson, L (1949) Preliminary studies to establish laboratory methods for the germination of weed seed. Proc Assoc Seed Anal 39:84–89 Google Scholar
Finch-Savage, WE, Leubner-Metzger, G (2006) Seed dormancy and the control of germination. New Phytol 171:501–523 Google Scholar
Gibson, KD, Johnson, WG, Hillger, DE (2006) Farmer perceptions of weed problems in corn and soybean rotation systems. Weed Technol 20:751–755 Google Scholar
Gutterman, Y (2000) Maternal effects on seeds during development. Pages 59–84 in Fenner M, ed. Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. New York: CABI. 432 pGoogle Scholar
Harre, NT, Nie, H, Jiang, Y, Young, BG (2018) Differential antioxidant enzyme activity in rapid-response glyphosate-resistant Ambrosia trifida . Pest Manag Sci 74:2125–2132 Google Scholar
Harre, NT, Nie, H, Robertson, RR, Johnson, WG, Weller, SC, Young, BG (2017) Distribution of herbicide-resistant giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) in Indiana and characterization of distinct glyphosate-resistant biotypes. Weed Sci 65:699–709 Google Scholar
Harrison, SK, Regnier, EE, Schmoll, JT, Webb, JE (2001) Competition and fecundity of giant ragweed in corn. Weed Sci 49:224–229 Google Scholar
Hu, XW, Ding, XY, Baskin, CC, Wang, YR (2017) Effect of soil moisture during stratification on dormancy release in seeds of five common weed species. Weed Res 58:210–220 Google Scholar
Johnson, WG, Loux, M, Nordby, D, Sprague, C, Nice, G, Westhoven, A, Stachler, JM (2007) Biology and Management of Giant Ragweed. Glyphosate, Weeds, and Crops Series Bulletin GWC-12. https://www.extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/gwc/gwc-12.pdf. Accessed: November 29, 2018Google Scholar
Kaur, S, Aulakh, J, Jhala, AJ (2016) Growth and seed production of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) in response to water stress. Can J Plant Sci 96:828–836 Google Scholar
Kȩpczyński, J (1986) Inhibition of Amaranthus caudatus seed germination by polyethylene glycol-6000 and abscisic acid and its reversal by ethephon or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Physiol Plant 67:588–591 Google Scholar
Kruger, GR, Johnson, WG, Weller, SC, Owen, MDK, Shaw, DR, Wilcut, JW, Jordan, DL, Wilson, RG, Bernards, ML, Young, BG (2009) U.S. grower views on problematic weeds and changes in weed pressure in glyphosate-resistant corn, cotton, and soybean cropping systems. Weed Technol 23:162–166 Google Scholar
Meyer, SE, Allen, PS (1999) Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L. II. Reaction norms in response to a water stress gradient imposed during seed maturation. Oecologica 120:34–43 Google Scholar
Moretti, ML, Van Horn, CR, Robertson, RR, Segobye, K, Weller, SC, Young, BG, Johnson, WG, Sammons, RD, Wang, D, Ge, X, d’Avignon, A, Gaines, TA, Westra, P, Green, AC, Jeffery, T, Lesperance, MA, Tardif, FJ, Sikkema, PH, Hall, C, McLean, MD, Lawton, MB, Schulz, B (2018) Glyphosate resistance in Ambrosia trifida. Part 2. Rapid response physiology and non-target site resistance. Pest Manag Sci 74:1079–1088 Google Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Jha, P, Steckel, LE, Scott, RC (2010) Confirmation and control of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) in Tennessee. Weed Technol 24:64–70 Google Scholar
Page, ER, Nurse, RE (2015) Comparing physical, chemical, and cold stratification methods for alleviating dormancy of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) seeds. Weed Technol 29:311–317 Google Scholar
Patzoldt, WL, Tranel, PJ (2002) Molecular analysis of cloransulam resistance in a population of giant ragweed. Weed Sci 50:299–305 Google Scholar
Regnier, EE, Harrison, SK, Loux, MM, Holloman, C, Venkatesh, R, Diekmann, F, Taylor, R, Ford, RA, Stoltenberg, DE, Hartzler, RG, Davis, AS, Schutte, BJ, Cardina, J, Mahoney, KJ, Johnson, WG (2016) Certified crop advisors’ perceptions of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) distribution, herbicide resistance, and management in the Corn Belt. Weed Sci 64:361–377 Google Scholar
Roach, DA, Wulff, RD (1987) Maternal effects in plants. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 18:209–235 Google Scholar
Sawma, JT, Mohler, CL (2002) Evaluating seed viability by an unimbibed seed crush test in comparison with the tetrazolium test. Weed Technol 16:781–786 Google Scholar
Schutte, BJ, Regnier, EE, Harrison, SK (2008) The association between seed size and seed longevity among maternal families in Ambrosia trifida L. populations. Seed Sci Res 18:201–211 Google Scholar
Schutte, BJ, Regnier, EE, Harrison, SK (2012) Seed dormancy and adaptive seedling emergence timing in giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida). Weed Sci 60:19–26 Google Scholar
Tieng, MT (1962) Germination Inhibition and Promotion of Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) and Smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum L.). Ph.D dissertation. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University. 134 pGoogle Scholar
Vink, JP, Soltani, N, Robinson, DE, Tardif, FJ, Lawton, MB, Sikkema, PH (2012) Occurrence and distribution of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) in southwestern Ontario. Can J Plant Sci 92:533–539 Google Scholar
Westhoven, AM, Davis, VM, Gibson, KD, Weller, SC, Johnson, WG (2008) Field presence of glyphosate-resistant horseweed (Conyza canadensis), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), and giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) biotypes with elevated tolerance to glyphosate. Weed Technol 22:544–548 Google Scholar
Willemsen, RW, Rice, EL (1972) Mechanism of seed dormancy in Ambrosia artemisiifolia . Am J Bot 59:248–257 Google Scholar
Zelaya, IA, Owen, MDK (2004) Evolved resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in common sunflower (Helianthus annuus), giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida), and shattercane (Sorghum bicolor) in Iowa. Weed Sci 52:538–548 Google Scholar

Harre et al. supplementary material

Harre et al. supplementary material 1

Download Harre et al. supplementary material(Video)
Video 2.4 MB