Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T16:28:41.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An Early-Killed Rye (Secale cereale) Cover Crop Has Potential for Weed Management in Edamame (Glycine max)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2018

Laura E. Crawford ,
Martin M. Williams II  and
Sam E. Wortman
Laura E. Crawford
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
Martin M. Williams II*
Affiliation:
Ecologist, USDA-ARS, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Urbana, IL, USA,
Sam E. Wortman
Affiliation:
former: Assistant Professor, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Martin M. Williams II, USDA-ARS, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Urbana, IL 61801. (Email: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The potential role of fall-seeded cover crops for weed management in edamame [soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is unknown. Field experiments were conducted over three edamame growing seasons to (1) determine the extent to which cover crop–residue management systems influence edamame emergence while selectively suppressing weed density and biomass, and (2) determine whether cultivars differed in emergence in cover crop–residue management systems. Cover crop treatments included a winter-killed oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.), two canola (Brassica napus L.) treatments (early-killed and late-killed), two cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) treatments (early-killed and late-killed), and a bare-soil control. Two spring timings of a cover crop burndown application created the early-killed and late-killed treatments for canola and cereal rye. Twelve soybean cultivars were tested, including 11 edamame cultivars differing in seed size and a grain-type soybean control. Spring residue biomass in cover crop treatments ranged from 438 kg ha−1 for winter-killed radish to 9,003 kg ha−1 for late-killed cereal rye. Cultivars responded similarly to cover crop treatments, and with the exception of late-killed cereal rye, cover crop treatments resulted in similar crop emergence as the bare-soil control. While all cover crop treatments reduced weed biomass 6 wk after planting compared with the bare soil, winter-killed radish and both canola treatments increased weed density. Early-killed cereal rye has potential for weed management in edamame, as evidenced by the fact that the treatment did not interfere with planting or crop establishment, yet reduced weed density 20% and suppressed early-season weed growth 85%.

Keywords

Timothy L. Grey, University of GeorgiaCrop emergenceintegrated weed managementweed suppression
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 66 , Issue 4 , July 2018 , pp. 502 - 507
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

a

current: Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588

References

Belfrey, KD, Trueman, C, Vyn, RJ, Loewen, SA, Van Eerd, LL (2017) Winter cover crops on processing tomato yield, quality, pest pressure, nitrogen availability, and profit margins. PLoS ONE 12. doi:10.1371/pone0180500 Google Scholar
Davis, A (2010) Cover-crop roller-crimper contributes to weed management in no-till soybean. Weed Sci 58:300–309 Google Scholar
DeVore, JD, Norsworthy, JK, Brye, KR (2013) Influence of deep tillage, a rye cover crop, and various soybean production systems on Palmer amaranth emergence in soybean. Weed Technol 27:263–270 Google Scholar
Duppong, LM, Hatterman-Valenti, H (2005) Yield and quality of vegetable soybean cultivars for production in North Dakota. HortTechnology 15:896–900 Google Scholar
Forcella, F (2013) Short- and full-season soybean in stale seedbeds versus rolled-crimped winter rye mulch. Renew Agri Food Syst 29:92–99 Google Scholar
Haramoto, ER, Brainard, DC (2012) Strip tillage and oat cover crops increase soil moisture and influence N mineralization patterns in cabbage. HortScience 47:1596–1602 Google Scholar
Haramoto, ER, Gallandt, ER (2004) Brassica cover cropping for weed management: a review. Renew Agri Food Syst 19:187–198 Google Scholar
Harker, KN, O’Donovan, JT (2013) Recent weed control, weed management, and integrated weed management. Weed Technol 27:1–11 Google Scholar
Hill, EC, Renner, KA, Sprague, CL, Davis, AS (2016) Cover crop impact on weed dynamics in an organic dry bean system. Weed Sci 64:261–275 Google Scholar
Hox, JJ (2002) Multilevel Analysis: Techniques And Application. 1st ed. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Pp 22–26 Google Scholar
Kornecki, TS, Raper, RL, Arriaga, FJ, Schwab, EB, Bergtold, JS (2009) Impact of rye rolling direction and different no-till row cleaners on cotton emergence and yield. Am Soc Agr Biol Eng 52:383–391 Google Scholar
Lawley, YE, Teasdale, JR, Weil, RR (2012) The mechanism for weed suppression by a forage radish cover crop. Agron J 104:205–214 Google Scholar
Lawley, YE, Weil, RR, Teasdale, JR (2011) Forage radish cover crop suppresses winter annual weeds in fall and before corn planting. Agron J 103:137–144 Google Scholar
Liebl, R, Simmons, FW, Wax, LM, Stoller, EW (1992) Effect of rye (Secale cereale) mulch on weed control and soil moisture in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol 6:838–846 Google Scholar
Mehring, GH, Stenger, JE, Hatterman-Valenti, HM (2016) Weed control with cover crops in irrigated potatoes. Agronomy 6:3 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, MJ, Gillespie, TJ, Swanton, CJ (1994) Effect of cover crop mulches on weed emergence, weed biomass, and soybean (Glycine max) development. Weed Technol 8:512–518 Google Scholar
Myers, MW, Curran, WS, Vangessel, MJ, Majek, BA, Scott, BA, Mortensen, DA, Calvin, DD, Karsten, HD, Roth, GW (2005) The effect of weed density and application timing on weed control and corn grain yield. Weed Technol 19:102–107 Google Scholar
Price, AJ, Monks, CD, Culpepper, AS, Duzy, LM, Kelton, JA, Marshall, MW, Steckel, LE, Sosnoskie, LM, Nichols, RL (2016) High-residue cover crops alone or with strategic tillage to manage glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in southeastern cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). J Soil and Water Conserv 71:1–11 Google Scholar
Ryan, MR, Mirsky, SB, Mortensen, DA, Teasdale, JR, Curran, WS (2011) Potential synergistic effects of cereal rye biomass and soybean planting density on weed suppression. Weed Sci 59:238–246 Google Scholar
Sánchez, E, Kelley, K, Butler, L (2005) Edamame production as influenced by seedling emergence and plant population. HortTechnology 15:672–676 Google Scholar
Scursoni, JA, Forcella, F, Gunsolus, J (2007) Weed escapes and delayed weed emergence in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Crop Prot 26:212–218 Google Scholar
Weil, R, White, C, Lawley, Y (2009) Forage Radish: New Multi-purpose Cover Crop for the Mid-Atlantic. College Park, MD: University of Maryland Cooperative Extension. 6 pGoogle Scholar
Williams, MM (2015a) Managing weeds in commercial edamame production: current options and implications. Weed Sci 63:954–961 Google Scholar
Williams, MM (2015b) Phenomorphological characterization of vegetable soybean germplasm lines for commercial production. Crop Sci 55:1274–1279 Google Scholar
Williams, MM, Nelson, RL (2014) Vegetable soybean tolerance to bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, and sulfentrazone. Weed Technol 28:601–607 Google Scholar
Wortman, SE, Francis, CA, Bernards, MA, Blankenship, EE, Lindquist, JL (2013) Mechanical termination of diverse cover crop mixtures for improved weed suppression in organic cropping systems. Weed Sci 61:162–170 Google Scholar
Zimdahl, RL (2004) Weed-Crop Competition: A Review. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Pp 57–75 Google Scholar