Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T23:24:18.205Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Adsorption and Degradation of Chlorbromuron in Soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

K. E. Savage
K. E. Savage*
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Sci. Res. Lab., Agr. Res. Ser., U.S. Dep. Agr., Stoneville, MS 38776
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The adsorption-desorption equilibria of chlorbromuron [3-(4-bromo-3-chlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] in soil conformed to the Freundlich equation. Values of the constants, k and n, ranged from 4.2 to 12.3 and from 1.2 to 2.5, respectively, in eight soils. No significant linear correlation was detected between the Freundlich k values and soil texture, organic-matter content, pH, or water-holding capacity. Degradation studies were conducted using 14C-carbonyl-radiolabeled chlorbromuron in soil incubated at 18 or 32 C, with and without prior autoclaving, and with and without glucose enrichment. Degradation was enhanced by the higher temperature and glucose amendment, and it was retarded by autoclaving. Thin-layer chromatography indicated no accumulation of the monomethyl or monomethoxy derivative of chlorbromuron in any of the treatments. Chlorbromuron degraded rapidly in the incubation studies. Rapid loss of phytotoxicity was also noted in a greenhouse study with cucumber (cucumis sativus L. ‘Explorer’) bioassay. Phytotoxicity from 4 ppmw chlorbromuron had diminished to a very low level after 12 weeks.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 21 , Issue 5 , September 1973 , pp. 416 - 420
Copyright
Copyright © 1973 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Bailey, G. W., White, J. L., and Rothberg, T. 1968. Adsorption of herbicides by montmorillonite: Role of pH and chemical character of adsorbate. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 32:222–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Bartha, R. 1971. Fate of herbicide-derived chloroanilines in soil. J. Agr. Food Chem. 19:385–387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Bozarth, G. A. and Funderburk, H. H. 1971. Degradation of fluometuron in sandy soil. Weed Sci. 19:691–695.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Dalton, R. L., Evans, A. W., and Rhodes, R. C. 1966. Disappearance of diuron from cotton field soils. Weeds 14:31–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Furmidge, C. G. L. and Ogerby, J. M. 1967. Persistence of herbicides in soil. J. Sci. Food Agr. 18:269–273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Geissbühler, H., Haselbach, C., and Aebi, H. 1963. The fate of N'-(4-chlorophenoxy)-phenyl-N,N-dimethylurea (C-1983) in soils and plants. I. Adsorption and leaching in different soils. Weed Res. 3:140–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Geissbühler, H., Haselbach, C., Aebi, H., and Ebner, L. 1963. The fate of N-(4-chlorophenoxy)-phenyl-N,N-dimethylurea (C-1983) in soils and plants. III. Breakdown in soils and plants. Weed Res. 3:277–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Grover, R. and Hance, R. J. 1970. Effect of ratio of soil to water on adsorption of linuron and atrazine. Soil Sci. 109:136–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Guth, J. A., Geissbühler, H., and Ebner, L. 1969. Dissipation of urea herbicides in soil. Meded. Rijksfac. Landbouwwetensch. Gent 34:1027–1037.Google Scholar
10. Hance, R. J. 1965. The adsorption of urea and some of its derivatives by a variety of soils. Weed Res. 5:98–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Hilton, H. W. and Yuen, Q. H. 1963. Adsorption of several preemergence herbicides by Hawaiian sugar cane soils. J. Agr. Food Chem. 11:330–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Sheets, T. J. 1958. The comparative toxicities of four phenylurea herbicides in several soil types. Weeds 6:413–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Sheets, T. J. 1964. Review of disappearance of substituted urea herbicides from soil. J. Agr. Food Chem. 12:30–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Upchurch, R. P. 1966. Behavior of herbicides in soil. Residue Rev. 16:46–85.Google Scholar
15. Upchurch, R. P. and Mason, D. D. 1962. The influence of soil organic matter on the phytotoxicity of herbicides. Weeds 10:9–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Wallnöfer, P. 1969. The decomposition of urea herbicides by Bacillus sphaericus, isolated from soil. Weed Res. 9:333–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Yuen, Q. H. and Hilton, H. W. 1962. The adsorption of monuron and diuron by Hawaiian sugar cane soils. J. Agr. Food Chem. 10:386–392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar