Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T03:25:23.556Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) interference in wheat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Seyed V. Eslami ,
Gurjeet S. Gill ,
Bill Bellotti  and
Glenn McDonald
Gurjeet S. Gill
Affiliation:
University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, SA 5371, Australia
Bill Bellotti
Affiliation:
University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, SA 5371, Australia
Glenn McDonald
Affiliation:
University of Adelaide, Waite Campus SA. 5064, Australia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Wild radish is a major weed of field crops in southern Australia. The effects of various densities of wild radish and wheat on the growth and reproductive output of each other were investigated in field studies in 2003 and 2004. The experiments were established as a factorial combination of wheat (0, 100, 200, and 400 plants m−2) and wild radish (0, 15, 30, and 60 plants m−2) densities. The effect of wild radish density on wheat yield loss and wild radish seed production were described with a rectangular hyperbola model. The presence of wild radish in wheat reduced aboveground dry matter, leaf-area index (LAI), and grain yield of wheat, and the magnitude of this reduction was dependent on weed density. Increasing the density of wheat substantially reduced the adverse effects of wild radish on wheat. As crop density increased, wild radish dry matter, LAI, and seed production per unit area decreased. The maximum seed production of wild radish was achieved at its highest density (60 plants m−2), and was 43,300 and 61,200 seeds m−2 for the first and second year, respectively. The results indicated that higher densities of wheat were able to suppress seed production of this weed species. From a practical viewpoint, this study shows that increased wheat density in the range of 200 to 400 wheat plants m−2 can reduce wild radish seed production and also give some reduction in crop yield loss, and could be an important component of an integrated weed management program.

Keywords

Wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum L., wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Competitionweed–crop interactionsyield lossweed seed yieldempirical models
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 54 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 749 - 756
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bensch, C. N., Horak, M. J., and Peterson, D. 2003. Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Palmer amaranth (A. palmeri) and common waterhemp (A. rudis) in soybeans. Weed Sci 51:37–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackshaw, R., Lemerle, D., and Mailer, R. 1999. Wild radish interference in Canola. in Proceeding of the 10th International Rapeseed Congress, Canbera, Australia. http://www.regional.org.au/au/gcirc/2/564.htm#P0_0.Google Scholar
Cheam, A. H. and Code, G. R. 1995. The biology of Australian weeds 24, Wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L). Plant Prot. Q 10:2–13.Google Scholar
Chikoye, D., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1995. Influence of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) time of emergence and density on white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Weed Sci 43:375–380.Google Scholar
Code, G. R. and Donaldson, W. 1996. Effect of cultivation, sowing methods and herbicides on wild radish populations in wheat crops. Aust. J. Exp. Agric 36:437–442.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. A. 1985. An empirical model relating crop yield to weed and crop density and a statistical comparison with other models. J. Agric. Sci 105:513–521.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. A., Warringa, J. W., Cameron, J. E., and Hoy, V. 2001. Early growth and development of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) in relation to wheat. Aust. J. Agron. Res 52:755–769.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, P., Weaver, S. E., and Swanton, C. J. 1998. Interference between pigweed (Amaranthus spp.), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli), and soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci 46:533–539.Google Scholar
Gill, G. S. and Holmes, J. E. 1997. Efficacy of cultural control methods for combating herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum . Pestic. Sci 51:352–358.Google Scholar
Hashem, A., Bowran, D., and Piper, T. 2001. Resistance of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) to acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides in the Western Australia wheat belt. Weed Technol 15:68–74.Google Scholar
Hashem, A. and Wilkins, N. 2002. Competitiveness and persistence of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) in a wheat–lupin rotation. Pages 712–715 in Proceedings of the 13th Australian Weed Conference. Perth, Australia: Council of Australian Weed Science Society.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1994. Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retreflexus) in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci 42:568–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koutsoyiannis, A. 1973. Theory of econometrics: an introductory exposition of econometric methods. London: MacMillan. Pp. 68–95.Google Scholar
Kropff, M. J. and Lotz, L. A. P. 1992. Systems approaches to quantify crop-weed interactions and their application in weed management. Agric. Syst 40:265–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemerle, D., Cousens, R. D., Gill, G. S., Peltzer, J. S., Moerkerk, M., Murphy, C. E., Collins, D., and Cullis, B. R. 2004. Reliability of higher seeding rates of wheat for increased competitiveness with weeds in low rainfall environments. J. Agric. Sci 142:395–409.Google Scholar
Madafiglio, G. P. 2002. Population Management of Raphanus Raphanistrum L. (Wild Radish) by Regulating Seed Production. Penrith South: Centre for Landscape and Ecosystems Management University of Western Sydney. 218 pp.Google Scholar
Massinga, R. A., Currie, R. S., Horak, M. J., and Boyer, J. Jr. 2001. Interference of Palmer amaranth in corn. Weed Sci 49:202–208.Google Scholar
Medd, R. W., Auld, B. A., Kemp, D. R., and Murison, R. D. 1985. The influence of wheat density and spatial arrangement on annual ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaudin, competition. Aust. J. Agric. Res 36:361–371.Google Scholar
Moss, S. R. 1985. Influence of crop variety and seed rate on Alopercurus myosuroides competition in winter cereals. Proceedings of the British Crop Protection conference—Weeds. Brighton, UK. Pp. 701–708.Google Scholar
Olsen, J., Kristensen, L., Weiner, J., and Griepentrog, H. W. 2004. Increased density and spatial uniformity increase weed suppression by spring wheat. Weed Res 45:316–21.Google Scholar
Piggin, C. M., Reeves, T. G., Brooke, H. D., and Code, G. R. 1978. Germination of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L). Proceedings of the first conference of the council of the Australian Weed Science Society. Parkville: Council of Australian Weed Science Society, Melbourne. Pp. 233–240.Google Scholar
Reeves, T. G., Code, G. R., and Piggin, C. M. 1981. Seed production and longevity, seasonal emergence, and phenology of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L). Aust. J. Exp. Agric 21:524–530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Streibig, J. C., Combellack, J. H., Pritchard, G. H., and Richardson, R. G. 1989. Estimation of thresholds for weed control in Australian cereals. Weed Res 29:117–126.Google Scholar
Walker, S. R., Medd, R. W., Robinson, G. R., and Cullis, B. R. 2002. Improved management of Avena ludoviciana and Phalaris paradoxa with more densely sown wheat and less herbicide. Weed Res 42:257–270.Google Scholar
Walsh, M. J., Powles, S. B., and Beard, B. R. 2004. Multiple-herbicide resistance across four modes of action in wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum). Weed Sci 52:8–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiner, J., Griepentrog, H. W., and Kristensen, L. 2001. Suppression of weeds by spring wheat increases with crop density and spatial uniformity. J. Appl. Ecol 38:784–790.Google Scholar