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Surfactants affect herbicides on kochia (Kochia scoparia) and Russian thistle (Salsola iberica)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

James D. Harbour ,
Calvin G. Messersmith  and
Bradford K. Ramsdale
James D. Harbour
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105-5051
Calvin G. Messersmith
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105-5051
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Abstract

The effects of surfactants on retention, absorption, and efficacy were determined for bromoxynil, 2,4-D amine, and glyphosate on kochia and Russian thistle. Bromoxynil, 2,4-D amine, and glyphosate retention were similar for both species. Surfactants improved spray retention on kochia and Russian thistle compared with spray mixtures without surfactant. Herbicides mixed with allinol 810-60 surfactant were generally retained better than with MON 0818, oxysorbic 20, or R-11 surfactant. Bromoxynil phytotoxicity was not affected by surfactants, and all surfactants equally enhanced 2,4-D amine phytotoxicity. Glyphosate phytotoxicity to kochia was enhanced only by MON 0818 and oxysorbic 20, and phytotoxicity to Russian thistle was enhanced only by MON 0818. Bromoxynil, with or without surfactants, was absorbed similarly by kochia and Russian thistle. 2,4-D amine and glyphosate absorption were greater with surfactants than without. Kochia and Russian thistle leaves had visibly similar crystalline epicuticular wax structure when plants were grown at ≤ 40% or ≥ 80% relative humidity, which did influence absorption of these herbicides.

Keywords

Bromoxynil2,4-D amineglyphosatekochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. KCHSCRussian thistle, Salsola iberica L. SASKAAdjuvant14C-herbicideslinear alcohol ethoxylate surfactantrelative humidity
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 51 , Issue 3 , June 2003 , pp. 430 - 434
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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