Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T01:10:37.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Soybean (Glycine max) influences metolachlor mobility in soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Kyle E. Keller  and
Jerome B. Weber
Kyle E. Keller
Affiliation:
BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3528
Jerome B. Weber*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
*
[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the mobility of 14C-metolachlor over 1 yr for three seasons when applied preemergent to undisturbed field lysimeters with and without soybean representing cropped and noncropped zones, respectively. Leachate was collected weekly and analyzed for total 14C, metolachlor, and metabolites. Lysimeters were removed, sectioned, and analyzed for 14C. Sixty and 90 days after treatment (DAT), there was less soil water in lysimeters with soybean. Recovery of 14C in lysimeters decreased with time and ranged from 54 to 74% 30 DAT followed by a slower rate of loss with 35 to 49% remaining 365 DAT. Comparable amounts of total 14C were observed in soybean lysimeters as in fallow lysimeters 30, 60, and 90 DAT. 14C distribution in the lysimeters, however, was quite different. Sixty and 90 DAT, 14C mobility in soybean lysimeters was less than in fallow lysimeters. Also, less leachate was collected from soybean lysimeters, which resulted in later appearances and lesser amounts of 14C in the leachate. Cumulative leachate from lysimeters with and without soybean 365 DAT contained 2% and 10 to 18% of the applied 14C, respectively. Peak concentrations of 14C in leachate from fallow columns occurred about 90 DAT and were two to 19 times higher than 14C concentrations in leachate from soybean lysimeters. Metolachlor concentrations in leachate were well below the National Health Advisory level for drinking water in all cases. Apparent volatilization losses of 14C amounted to 26 to 46% of the applied 14C-metolachlor 30 DAT. These results suggest that herbicide mobility is different in cropped vs. fallow sites and possibly in intra- and interrow crop positions.

Keywords

Metolachlorsoybean, Glycine max L. Merr. ‘Coker 368.’Herbicide metabolitesherbicide volatilizationinterrowintrarowgroundwaterleachinglysimeter
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 45 , Issue 6 , December 1997 , pp. 833 - 841
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ahrens, W. H., ed. 1994. Herbicide Handbook. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America. 352 p.Google Scholar
Alhajjar, B. J., Simsiman, G. V., and Chesters, G. 1990. Fate and transport of alachlor, metolachlor, and atrazine in large columns. Wat. Sci. Tech. 22: 87–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arya, L. M., Blake, G. R., and Farrell, D. A. 1975. A field study of soil water depletion patterns in presence of growing soybean roots. II. Effect of plant growth on soil water pressure and water loss patterns. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 39: 430–436.Google Scholar
Braverman, M. P., Lavy, T. L., and Barnes, C. J. 1986. The degradation and bioactivity of metolachlor in the soil. Weed Sci. 34: 479–484.Google Scholar
Cohen, S. Z., Eiden, C., and Lorber, M. N. 1986. Monitoring ground water for pesticides. Pages 170–196 in Garner, R. C., Honeycutt, R. C., and Higg, H. N., eds. Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water. Symposium Series 315. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.Google Scholar
Hardy, D. H. and Weber, J. B. 1994. Atrazine dissipation: a mass balance approach using field lysimeters. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 47: 207–211.Google Scholar
Kamprath, E. J., Cassel, D. K., Gross, H. D., and Dibb, D. W. 1979. Tillage effects on biomass production and moisture utilization by soybeans on Coastal Plain soils. Agron. J. 71: 1001–1005.Google Scholar
Keller, K. E. 1992. Movement and dissipation of atrazine, metolachlor and primisulfuron in field lysimeters. . North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC. 325 p.Google Scholar
Keller, K. E. and Weber, J. B. 1995. Mobility and dissipation of 14C-labeled atrazine, metolachlor, and primisulfuron in undisturbed field lysimeters of a Coastal Plain soil. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 1076–1086.Google Scholar
Kilmer, V. J., Hays, O. E., and Muckenhirn, R. J. 1944. Plant nutrient and water losses from Fayette silt loam as measured by monolith lysimeters. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 36: 249–263.Google Scholar
Kozac, J., Weber, J. B., and Sheets, T. J. 1983. Adsorption of prometryn and metolachlor by selected soil organic matter fractions. Soil Sci. 136: 94–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, R. F. and Weber, J. B. 1993. Influence of polymers on the mobility, loss, and bioactivity of 14C from 14C-labeled atrazine, metoachlor, and primisulfuron. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 988–995.Google Scholar
Manual for Chemical Waste Management. 1991. Department of Environmental Health and Hazardous Materials Management. Raleigh, NC: Life Safety Services, North Carolina State University. 49 p.Google Scholar
Metolachlor Health Advisory Summary. 1989. Office of Drinking Water. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2 p.Google Scholar
Miller, J. M. 1975. Separation Methods in Chemical Analysis. New York: J. Wiley. 309 p.Google Scholar
Miller, J. L., Wollum, A. G. III, and Weber, J. B. 1997. Degradation of Carbon-14-atrazine and carbon- 14-metolachlor in soil from four depths. J. Environ. Qual. 26: 633–638.Google Scholar
Obrigawitch, T., Hons, F. M., Abernathy, J. R., and Gipson, J. R. 1981. Adsorption, desorption, and mobility of metolachlor in soils. Weed Sci. 29: 332–336.Google Scholar
Peter, C. J. and Weber, J. B. 1985. Adsorption, mobility, and efficacy of alachlor and metolachlor as influenced by soil properties. Weed Sci. 33: 874–881.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis System. 1985. SAS User's Guide: Statistics. 5th ed. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute.Google Scholar
Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J. H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. 172–194.Google Scholar
Timlin, D. J., Heathman, G. C., and Ahuja, L. R. 1992. Solute leaching in crop row vs. interrow zones. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 56: 384–392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Wesenbeeck, I. J. and Kachanoski, R. G. 1988. Spatial and temporal distribution of soil water in the tilled layer under a corn crop. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 52: 363–368.Google Scholar
Weber, J. B. 1991. Fate and behaviour of herbicides in soils. Appl. Plant Sci. 5: 28–41.Google Scholar
Winton, K. and Weber, J. B. 1996. A review of field lysimeter studies to describe the environmental fate of pesticides. Weed Technol. 10: 202–209.Google Scholar
Zhai, R., Kachanoski, R. G., and Voroney, R. P. 1990. Tillage effects on the spatial and temporal variations of soil water. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54: 186–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zimdahl, R. L. and Clark, S. K. 1982. Degradation of three acetanilide herbicides in soil. Weed Sci. 30: 545–548.Google Scholar