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Response of Weeds to Tillage and Cover Crop Residue

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John R. Teasdale ,
C. Edward Beste  and
William E. Potts
John R. Teasdale
Affiliation:
Weed Sci. Lab., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Beltsville, MD 20705, Univ. Maryland, Salisbury, MD 21801
C. Edward Beste
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Univ. Maryland, Salisbury, MD 21801
William E. Potts
Affiliation:
Univ. Maryland/U.S. Dep. Agric. Consulting Serv., Beltsville, MD
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Abstract

Total weed density increased after 1 yr of no-tillage and after 2 yr of conventional tillage in a 4-yr experiment with repeated assignment of the same treatment to the same plots. Large crabgrass, goosegrass, and carpetweed densities were higher in the no-tillage compared with the conventional-tillage treatment in at least 1 yr whereas common lambsquarters density was greater in the conventional-tillage treatment the last year of the experiment. Within the no-tillage treatment, rye or hairy vetch residue reduced total weed density an average of 78% compared to the treatment without cover crop when cover crop biomass exceeded 300 g m–2 and when residue covered more than 90% of the soil. Goosegrass, stinkgrass, and carpetweed densities were reduced by cover crop residue in at least 1 yr whereas large crabgrass was unaffected. Common lambsquarters density increased where rye was grown as a cover crop prior to conventional tillage. Despite differences in weed density among treatments, weed biomass was equivalent in all treatments during the last 2 yr.

Keywords

Paraquat, 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ioncarpetweed, Mollugo verticillata L. # MOLVEcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. # CHEALgoosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. # ELEINlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSAstinkgrass, Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) E. Mosher # ERACNcorn, Zea mays L. ‘NK-199’hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth.rye, Secale cereale L. ‘Abruzzi’Secale cerealeVicia villosaCHEALDIGSAELEINERACNMOLVE
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , June 1991 , pp. 195 - 199
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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