Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T17:05:16.990Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Phytotoxicity of Glyphosate to Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

J. Segura ,
S. W. Bingham  and
C. L. Foy
J. Segura
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061
S. W. Bingham
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061
C. L. Foy
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The phytotoxicity of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] on seeds (protected or non-protected with soil) and seedlings of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) was studied in the greenhouse. Percent germination of Italian ryegrass seeds covered with soil was significantly reduced with glyphosate applied at 4 kg/ha. The direct treatment over the seeds on the soil surface was more toxic, reducing the number of established seedlings at dosages of 3 and 4 kg/ha. In the two red clover seed treatments, germination was significantly reduced with 2 kg/ha of herbicide. Even though germination was reduced at intermediate rates of glyphosate, shoot growth and tillering were improved and yields of dry weight were equivalent to that of untreated plants. Postemergence applications of glyphosate were phytotoxic to both species with the effects becoming more pronounced at increasing dosages. However, at equal dosage, red clover was less susceptible than Italian ryegrass. The patterns of foliar absorption and translocation of 14C from 14C-glyphosate was similar in Italian ryegrass and red clover. 14C was translocated throughout the plants and exhibited apoplastic and symplastic movement.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , January 1978 , pp. 32 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © 1978 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Aitken, J. B. 1974. Influence of glyphosate on grasses in peaches and pecans. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 27:170–175.Google Scholar
2. Baird, D. D., Upchurch, R. P., Homesley, W. B., and Franz, J. E. 1971. Introduction of a new broad spectrum postemergence herbicide class with utility for herbaceous perennial weed control. Proc. Northcentral Weed Control Conf. 26:64–68.Google Scholar
3. Bovey, R. W., Miller, F. R., and Baur, J. R. 1975. Preharvest desiccation of grain sorghum with glyphosate. Agron. J. 67:618–621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Campbell, W. F., Evans, J. O., and Reed, S. C. 1976. Effects of glyphosate on cloroplast ultrastructure of quackgrass mesophyll cells. Weed Sci. 24:22–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Crafts, A. S. and Yamaguchi, S. 1964. The autoradiography of plant materials. Calif. Agric. Exp. Stn., Man. 35. 143 p.Google Scholar
6. Hall, J. R. and Parochetti, J. V. 1974. Quackgrass control with glyphosate, pronamide, and dalapon. Proc. Northeast Weed Sci. Soc. 28:407–510.Google Scholar
7. Hoagland, D. R. and Arnon, D. I. 1950. The water culture method for growing plants without soil. Calif. Agric. Exp. Stn., Circ. 347. 32 p.Google Scholar
8. Johnson, B. J. 1976. Turfgrass renovation with chemicals. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 77.Google Scholar
9. Klingman, D. L. and Murray, J.J. 1976. Germination of seeds of turfgrasses as affected by glyphosate. Weed Sci. 24:191–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Lange, A., Kempen, H., McHenry, W., and Leonard, O. 1973. Roundup, a new perennial weed killer. Calif. Agric. 27:6–7.Google Scholar
11. Osward, R. A. 1972. The effects of April and July applications of glyphosate, paraquat and dalapon on old permanent pasture. Proc. Brit. Weed Control Conf. 11:994–1001.Google Scholar
12. Peters, E. J. and Lowance, S. A. 1975. Glyphosate and paraquat for pasture renovation. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 61.Google Scholar
13. Segura, J., Bingham, S. W., and Foy, C. L. 1976. Movimiento del glyfosato en Lolium multiflorum Lam. y Trifolium pratense L. II. Reunion Nacional de Fisologia Vegetal. Universidad de la Laguna. Tenerife, Spain.Google Scholar
14. Sprankle, P., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1975. Rapid inactivation of glyphosate in the soil. Weed Sci. 23:224–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Sprankle, P., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1975. Adsorption, mobility, and microbial degradation of glyphosate in the soil. Weed Sci. 23:229–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Sprankle, P., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1975. Absorption, action, and translocation of glyphosate. Weed Sci. 23:235–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Upchurch, R. P. and Baird, D. D. 1972. Herbicidal action of Mon 9573 as influenced by light and soil. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 25:40–45.Google Scholar