A framework is presented to consider the value and utility of molecular-based research in weed science. Four themes are used to illustrate why adopting molecular approaches might be helpful. First, the rationale for academic institutions adopting molecular approaches is outlined, including strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. Second, research strategy and synergies developed into other functions, such as education, consultancy, and business, is considered. Third, project management as a vehicle for integrating technical and personnel skills is examined. Finally, specific examples of outputs such as the application of functional genomics for herbicide discovery are described. The adoption of molecular-based methods can have far-reaching benefits in agriculture and biotechnology. Communicating these benefits within the scientific community and beyond, particularly to end users, is of fundamental importance.