Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T05:43:24.008Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Persistence, Germinability, and Distribution of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) Seed in Soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

William W. Donald  and
Robert L. Zimdahl
William W. Donald
Affiliation:
Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Metabolism and Radiation Res. Lab., Fargo, ND 58105
Robert L. Zimdahl
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Pathol. and Weed Sci., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The persistence and germinability of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host. # AEGCY) seed (caryopses) were studied over a five-year period between 1979 and 1984 at five locations in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska. Seed were buried in open-mesh packets and the sites were not disturbed for the duration of the study. Seed survival at burial depths of 5, 15, or 30 cm decreased rapidly over the first three years at all locations. By the third year, less than 7.4 ± 6.5% (mean ± SD) of the seed remained at 5 cm in the soil at all locations. By the third, fourth, and fifth year there was total loss of seed at one, two, and four sites at the 5-cm burial depth. Only three of five sites had total loss of seed at 30 cm after five years. The proportion of surviving seed that were germinable increased with time and was almost 100% after three years of burial. Because jointed goatgrass seed were relatively transient in the soil profile, fallowing of infested areas for a three-year period may significantly reduce populations of this weed or eradicate it, depending upon location.

Keywords

DormancyTriticum aestivumAEGCY
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , March 1987 , pp. 149 - 154
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Banting, J. D. 1966. Studies on the persistence of Avena fatua . Can. J. Plant Sci. 46:129–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Budd, E. G. 1981. Survey, dormancy, and life cycle of Bromus sterilis (sterile brome) in cereals, with particular reference to spring barley. J. Nat. Inst. Agric. Bot. G.B. 15:430–439.Google Scholar
3. Burnside, O. C., Wicks, G. A., and Fenster, C. R. 1977. Longevity of shattercane seed in soil across Nebraska. Weed Res. 17:139–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Cavers, P. B. 1983. Seed demography. Can. J. Bot. 61:3578–3590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Darlington, H. T. 1951. The seventy-year period for Dr. Beal's seed viability experiment. Am. J. Bot. 38:379–381.Google Scholar
6. Dawson, J. H. and Bruns, V. F. 1975. Longevity of barnyardgrass, green foxtail, and yellow foxtail seeds in soil. Weed Sci. 23:437–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Donald, W. W. 1979. Greenhouse screening trials of herbicide efficacy on jointed goatgrass and ‘Centurk’ winter wheat. Res. Prog. Rep., West. Soc. Weed Sci. Pages 312–317.Google Scholar
8. Donald, W. W. 1980. Jointed goatgrass — a new problem in Colorado wheat. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 33:77–83.Google Scholar
9. Donald, W. W. 1981. Experimental chemical fallow herbicides for jointed goatgrass control at Ovid, Colorado. Res. Prog. Rep., West. Soc. Weed Sci. Pages 266–267.Google Scholar
10. Donald, W. W. 1981. Experimental chemical fallow herbicides for jointed goatgrass control at Limon, Colorado. Res. Prog. Rep., West. Soc. Weed Sci. Pages 268–269.Google Scholar
11. Donald, W. W. 1981. Registered chemical fallow herbicides for jointed goatgrass control in Colorado. Res. Prog. Rep., West. Soc. Weed Sci. Page 270.Google Scholar
12. Donald, W. W. 1984. Vernalization requirements for flowering of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci. 32:631–637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Edwards, M. 1980. Aspects of the population ecology of charlock. J. Appl. Ecol. 17:151–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Fenster, C. R. and Wicks, G. A. 1976. Jointed goatgrass. Nebraska Coop. Ext. Serv. Bull. G-75–210. 2 pp.Google Scholar
15. Froud-Williams, R. J., Chancellor, R. J., and Drennan, D. S. H. 1983. Influence of cultivation regime upon buried weed seeds in arable cropping systems. J. Appl. Ecol. 20:199–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Goss, W. L. 1924. The vitality of buried seeds. J. Agric. Res. 24:349–362.Google Scholar
17. Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the Grasses of the United States. 2d ed. Dover Publications, New York. Page 245.Google Scholar
18. Janzen, D. H. 1971. Seed predation by animals. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 2:465–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Kjaer, A. 1948. Germination of buried and dry stored seeds. I. 1934–1939. Proc. Int. Seed Test. Assoc. 12:167–190.Google Scholar
20. Kleinbaum, D. G. and Kupper, L. L. 1978. Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariate Methods. Duxbury Press, North Scituate, MA. 556 pp.Google Scholar
21. Lewis, J. 1973. Longevity of crop and weed seeds: survival after 20 years in soil. Weed Res. 13:179–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Lund, R. D. and Turpin, F. T. 1977. Carabid damage to weed seeds found in Indiana cornfields. Env. Entomol. 6:695–698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Mack, R. N. and Pyke, D. A. 1983. The demography of Bromus tectorum: variation in time and space. J. Ecol. 71:69–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Morrow, L. A., Young, F. L., and Flom, D. G. 1982. Seed germination and seedling emergence of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci. 30:395–398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Moss, S. R. 1985. The survival of Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. seeds in soil. Weed Res. 25:201–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Murdoch, A. J. and Roberts, E. H. 1982. Biological and financial criteria of long-term control strategies for annual weeds. Proc. 1982 Br. Crop Prot. Conf. – Weeds. Pages 741–748.Google Scholar
27. Pessala, B. 1978. Longevity of Avena fatua seeds in the field. Proc. 19th Swed. Weed Control Conf. C14–C24.Google Scholar
28. Roberts, H. A. 1981. Seed banks in soils. Adv. Appl. Biol. 6:1–55.Google Scholar
29. Robocker, W. C., Williams, M. C., Evans, R. A., and Torell, P. J. 1969. Effects of age, burial, and region on germination and viability of halogeton seed. Weed Sci. 17:63–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30. Smith, B. H. 1983. Demography of Floerkea proserpinacoides, a forest-floor annual III. Dynamics of seed and seedling populations. J. Ecol. 71:413–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31. Sokal, R. R. and Rohlf, F. J. 1969. Biometry, the Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, CA. 859 pp.Google Scholar
32. Thill, D. C., Zamora, D. L., and Kambitsch, D. L. 1985. Germination and viability of common crupina (Crupina vulgaris) achenes buried in the field. Weed Sci. 33:344–348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33. Watkinson, A. R. 1978. The demography of a sand dune annual: Vulpia fasciculata II. The dynamics of seed populations. J. Ecol. 66:35–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34. Zorner, P. S., Zimdahl, R. L., and Schweizer, E. E. 1984. Sources of viable seed loss in buried dormant and non-dormant populations of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) seed in Colorado. Weed Res. 24:143–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar