Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T10:21:53.914Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Morphological and Histological Effects of Three Grass Selective Herbicides on Developing Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Stems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Rakesh Jain  and
William H. Vanden Born
Rakesh Jain
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 2P5
William H. Vanden Born
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 2P5
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Three grass selective herbicides, sethoxydim, fluazifop, and haloxyfop, applied to wild oat plants at the five-leaf stage inhibited growth and induced chlorosis in leaves. Young and actively growing tissues were affected first. Stem elongation in wild oat was inhibited within 2 days of treatment with sethoxydim and within 5 days of treatment with fluazifop or haloxyfop. At these same observation times, internodes that were elongating rapidly at the time of treatment were constricted at the base. These symptoms were followed by necrosis of the internode tissue. Histological examination of the affected internodes indicated that the herbicides inhibited cell division in very young internodes and inhibited both cell division and cell elongation in slightly older internodes. Initial injury occurred in the epidermal, cortical, and procambium cells of the peripheral regions of the stems located at the base of the affected internodes. Necrosis then progressed to the center of the stem tissue and all cells in the internodes were killed within 14 days of treatment. All three herbicides caused similar morphological and histological effects on developing wild oat stems.

Keywords

Fluazifop, (±)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acidhaloxyfop, 2-[4-[[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-phenoxy]propanoic acidsethoxydim, 2-[1-(ethoxy-imino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-onewild oat, Avena fatua L. ♯3 AVEFASethoxydimfluazifophaloxyfopinternodesAVEFA
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 4 , July 1989 , pp. 575 - 584
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Asare-Boamah, N. K. and Fletcher, R. A. 1983. Physiological and cytological effects of BAS 9052 OH on corn (Zea mays) seedlings. Weed Sci. 31:49–55.Google Scholar
2. Berlyn, G. P. and Miksche, J. P. 1976. Botanical Microtechnique and Cytochemistry. The Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa. 326 pp.Google Scholar
3. Bonnett, O. T. 1961. The oat plant: its history and development. Univ. Illinois Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 672:27–35.Google Scholar
4. Buhler, D. D., Swisher, B. A., and Burnside, O. C. 1985. Behavior of 14C-haloxyfop-methyl in intact plants and cell cultures. Weed Sci. 33:291–299.Google Scholar
5. Burgstahler, R. J., Retzlaff, G., and Lichtenthaler, H. K. 1986. Mode of action of sethoxydim: effects on plant's lipid metabolism. Abstr. Sixth Int. Congr. Pestic. Chem., Ottawa, Canada. Page 3B–11.Google Scholar
6. Burton, J. D., Gronwald, J. W., Somers, D. A., Connelly, J. A., Gengenbach, B. G., and Wyse, D. L. 1987. Inhibition of plant acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase by the herbicides sethoxydim and haloxyfop. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 148:1039–1044.Google Scholar
7. Carr, J. E. 1986. The uptake, translocation and metabolism of fluazifop-butyl. Pestic. Sci. 17:58–59.Google Scholar
8. Chandrasena, N. R. and Sagar, G. R. 1984. Effects of fluazifop-butyl on shoot growth and rhizome buds of Elymus repens (L.) Gould. Weed Res 24:297–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Chow, P.N.P., O'Sullivan, P. A., Hunter, J. H., and Kirkland, K. J. 1983. Control of barley and wheat in canola with BAS 9052. Can. J. Plant Sci. 63:1099–1102.Google Scholar
10. Derr, J. F., Monaco, T. J., and Sheets, T. J. 1985. Uptake and translocation of fluazifop by three annual grasses. Weed Sci. 33:612–617.Google Scholar
11. Dicks, J. W., Slater, J. W., and Bewick, D. W. 1985. PP 005 — the R-enantiomer of fluazifop-butyl. Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf.—Weeds. Pages 271–280.Google Scholar
12. Esau, K. 1957. Phloem degeneration in Gramineae affected by barley yellow-dwarf virus. Am. J. Bot. 44:245–251.Google Scholar
13. Gealy, D. R. and Slife, F. W. 1983. BAS 9052 effects on leaf photosynthesis and growth. Weed Sci. 31:457–461.Google Scholar
14. Gronwald, J. W. 1986. Effect of haloxyfop and haloxyfop methyl on elongation and respiration of corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) roots. Weed Sci. 34:196–202.Google Scholar
15. Harrison, S. K. and Wax, L. M. 1986. Adjuvant effects on absorption, translocation, and metabolism of haloxyfop-methyl in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 34:185–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Hatzios, K. K. 1982. Effects of sethoxydim on the metabolism of isolated leaf cells of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Plant Cell Rep. 1:87–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Hendley, P. and Dicks, J. W. 1985. Translocation and metabolism of pyridinyloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides in rhizomatous quackgrass (Agropyron repens). Weed Sci. 33:11–24.Google Scholar
18. Hosaka, H., Inaba, H., Satach, A., and Ishikawa, H. 1984. Morphological and histological effects of sethoxydim on corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 32:711–721.Google Scholar
19. Ingram, G. H. and Slater, A. E. 1980. NP 55 — a new herbicide for grass weed control in vegetable, fruit, fodder, and processing crops. Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. — Weeds 15:39–46.Google Scholar
20. Ishihara, K., Hosaka, H., Kubota, M., Kamimura, H., and Yasuda, Y. 1986. Effects of sethoxydim on the metabolism of excised root tips of corn. Abtr. Sixth Int. Congr. Pestic. Chem., Ottawa, Canada. Page 3B–10.Google Scholar
21. Jeffcoat, B. and Harris, W. N. 1973. Selectivity and mode of action of ethyl (±)-2-(N-benzoyl-3,4-dichloroanilino) propionate in the control of Avena fatua in cereals. Pestic. Sci. 4:891–899.Google Scholar
22. Jeffcoat, B., Harris, W. N., and Thomas, D. B. 1977. Factors favoring the choice of flampropmethyl, methyl (±)-2-[N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)benzamido] propionate, for the control of Avena species in wheat. Pestic. Sci. 8:1–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Kaufman, P. B., Cassell, S. J., and Adams, P. A. 1965. On the nature of intercalary growth and cellular differentiation in internodes of Avena sativa . Bot. Gaz. 162:1–13.Google Scholar
24. Kobek, K., Focke, M., and Lichtenthaler, H. K. 1988. Fatty-acid biosynthesis and acetyl-CoA carboxylase as a target of diclofop, fenoxaprop and other aryloxy-phenoxy-propionic acid herbicides. Z. Naturforsch. 43c:47–54.Google Scholar
25. Kobek, K., Focke, M., Lichtenthaler, H. K., Retzlaff, G., and Wurzer, B. 1988. Inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis in isolated chloroplasts by cycloxydim and other cyclohexane-1,3-diones. Physiol. Plant. 72:492–498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Metcalf, C. R. 1960. Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. Oxford Univ. Press, Ames House, London. Volume 1. Page 736.Google Scholar
27. Morrison, I. N., Hill, B. D., and Dushnicky, L. G. 1979. Histological studies on the effects of benzoylprop ethyl and flamprop methyl on growth and development of wild oats. Weed Res. 19:385–393.Google Scholar
28. Morrison, I. N., Owini, M. G., and Stobbe, E. H. 1981. Effects of diclofop on growth, mitotic index, and structure of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and wild oats (Avena fatua) adventitious roots. Weed Sci. 29:426–432.Google Scholar
29. Nalewaja, J. D. and Skrzypczak, G. A. 1986. Absorption and translocation of sethoxydim with additives. Weed Sci. 34:657–653.Google Scholar
30. Peregoy, R. S. and Glen, S. 1985. Physiological responses to fluazifop-butyl in tissue of corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 33:444–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31. Secor, J. and Cseke, C. 1988. Inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity by haloxyfop and tralkoxydim. Plant Physiol. 86:10–12.Google Scholar
32. Sharma, M. P. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1978. The biology of Canadian weeds. 27. Avena fatua L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 58:141–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33. Stonebridge, W. C. 1981. Selective postemergence grass weed control in broadleaf arable crops. Outlook Agric. 10:385–392.Google Scholar
34. Swisher, B. and Corbin, F. T. 1982. Behavior of BAS 9052 OH in soybean (Glycine max) and johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.]plant and cell cultures. Weed Sci. 30:640–650.Google Scholar
35. Zimmerman, M. H. and Tomlinson, A. B. 1972. The vascular system of monocotyledonous stems. Bot. Gaz. 133:141–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar