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The Influence of Herbicide Formulation on Weed Control in Four Tillage Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Michael D. Johnson ,
Donald L. Wyse  and
William E. Lueschen
Michael D. Johnson
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Plant Genetics, Univ. Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
Donald L. Wyse
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Plant Genetics, Univ. Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
William E. Lueschen
Affiliation:
Southern Exp. Stn., Univ. Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
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Abstract

The objectives of this research were to compare the weed control efficacy of liquid, granular, and microencapsulated formulations of preemergence herbicides in moldboard plow, chisel plow, ridge tillage, and no-tillage corn and soybean production systems, and to determine whether herbicide formulation can influence herbicide interception and retention on surface corn residue. Common lambsquarters populations were threefold higher in corn than in soybeans. A mixed population of giant foxtail and green foxtail was highest in the chisel plow and lowest in the ridge tillage system as were total weed numbers. Percent weed control was not influenced by tillage when considered across all herbicide treatments. Weed control was not influenced by herbicide formulation in the moldboard plow, chisel plow, or ridge tillage systems, but granular herbicide applications provided better weed control than liquid applications in the no-tillage system and across various rates of corn residue in an experiment with no tillage variables. Two- to threefold less granular-applied herbicide was intercepted by surface corn residue at the time of application compared to liquid-applied herbicide. Increasing amounts of postapplication rainfall decreased the difference among formulations with regard to both total soil reception of the herbicide and resultant weed control. There was no consistent advantage for the microencapsulated formulation over the other herbicide formulations. Surface corn residue controlled many weeds without the aid of a herbicide and actually contributed to overall weed control even where herbicides were applied. This suggests that the binding of preemergence herbicides on surface crop residue may not be the cause of weed control failures in reduced-tillage systems as is often assumed to be the case.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer 3906′soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hodgson 78′common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. ♯3 CHEALgiant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm. ♯ SETFAgreen foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. ♯ SETVIWeed populationssoil environmentcrop residueherbicide washoffCHEALSETFASETVI
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 2 , March 1989 , pp. 239 - 249
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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