Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T09:33:19.488Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluating Effect of Degree of Water Stress on Growth and Fecundity of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Using Soil Moisture Sensors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 October 2018

Parminder S. Chahal ,
Suat Irmak ,
Mithila Jugulam Open the ORCID record for Mithila Jugulam [Opens in a new window]  and
Amit J. Jhala Open the ORCID record for Amit J. Jhala [Opens in a new window]
Parminder S. Chahal
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Suat Irmak
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Mithila Jugulam
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Amit J. Jhala*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Amit J. Jhala, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583. (Email: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) is the most problematic weed in agronomic crop production fields in the United States. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of degree of water stress on the growth and fecundity of A. palmeri using soil moisture sensors under greenhouse conditions. Two A. palmeri biotypes collected from Nebraska were grown in loam soil maintained at 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5% soil field capacity (FC) corresponding to no, light, moderate, high, and severe water stress levels, respectively. Water was regularly added to pots based on soil moisture levels detected by Watermark or Decagon 5TM sensors to maintain the desired water stress level. Amaranthus palmeri plants maintained at ≤25% FC did not survive more than 35 d after transplanting. Amaranthus palmeri at 100%, 75%, and 50% FC produced similar numbers of leaves (588 to 670 plant−1) based on model estimates; however, plants at 100% FC achieved a maximum height of 178 cm compared with 124 and 88 cm at 75% and 50% FC, respectively. The growth index (1.1×105 to 1.4×105 cm3 plant−1) and total leaf area (571 to 693 cm2 plant−1) were also similar at 100%, 75%, and 50% FC. Amaranthus palmeri produced similar root biomass (2.3 to 3 g plant−1) at 100%, 75%, and 50% FC compared with 0.6 to 0.7 g plant−1 at 25% and 12.5% FC, respectively. Seed production was greatest (42,000 seeds plant−1) at 100% FC compared with 75% and 50% FC (14,000 to 19,000 seeds plant−1); however, the cumulative seed germination was similar (38% to 46%) when mother plants were exposed to ≥50% FC. The results of this study show that A. palmeri can survive ≥50% FC continuous water stress conditions and can produce a significant number of seeds with no effect of on seed germination.

Keywords

Martin M. Williams II, USDA–ARSDecagondegree of water stressfield capacitymoisture sensorsseed production
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 66 , Issue 6 , November 2018 , pp. 738 - 745
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baskin, CC, Baskin, JM (1998) Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. 1st ed. San Diego: Academic. 666 p Google Scholar
Benech-Arnold, RL, Fenner, M, Edwards, PJ (1992) Changes in dormancy level in Sorghum halepense seeds induced by water stress during seed development. Funct Ecol 6: 596–605 Google Scholar
Benjamin, JG, Nielsen, DC (2006) Water deficit effects on root distribution of soybean, field pea and chickpea. Field Crops Res 97:248–253 Google Scholar
Berger, ST, Ferrell, JA, Rowland, DL, Webster, TM (2015) Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) competition for water in cotton. Weed Sci 63:928–935 Google Scholar
Bolmgren, J, Cowan, PD (2008) Time–size tradeoffs: a phylogenetic comparative study of flowering time, plant height and seed mass in a north-temperate flora. Oikos 117:424–429 Google Scholar
Bond, JA, Oliver, LR (2006) Comparative growth of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) accessions. Weed Sci 54:121–126 Google Scholar
Bravo, W, Leon, RG, Ferrell, JA, Mulvaney, MJ, Wood, CW (2017) Differentiation of life-history traits among Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) populations and its relation to cropping systems and glyphosate sensitivity. Weed Sci 65:339–349 Google Scholar
Chahal, PS, Aulakh, JS, Jugulum, M, Jhala, AJ (2015) Herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) in the United States—mechanisms of resistance, impact, and management. Pages 1–29 in Price A, ed. Herbicides, Agronomic Crops, and Weed Biology. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech Google Scholar
Chahal, PS, Varanasi, VK, Jugulam, M, Jhala, AJ (2017) Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Nebraska: confirmation, EPSPS gene amplification, and response to POST corn and soybean herbicides. Weed Technol 31:80–93 Google Scholar
Chandi, A, Jordan, DL, York, AC, Burton, J, Milla-Lewis, SR, Spears, J, Whitaker, JR, Wells, R (2013) Response of herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) accessions to drought stress. Int J Agron. 10.1155/2013/823913.Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS (2013) Growth response of itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis) to water stress. Weed Sci 61:98–103 Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Abugho, SB (2013) Effect of water stress on the growth and development of Amaranthus spinosus, Leptochloa chinensis, and rice. Am J Plant Sci 4:989–998.Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Johnson, DE (2010) Growth and reproduction of junglerice (Echinochloa colona) in response to water-stress. Weed Sci 58:132–135 Google Scholar
Coble, HD, Williams, FM, Ritter, RL (1981) Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci 29:339–342 Google Scholar
Earl, HJ (2003) A precise gravimetric method for simulating drought stress in pot experiments. Crop Sci 43:1868–1873 Google Scholar
Ehleringer, J (1983) Ecophysiology of Amaranthus palmeri, a Sonoran desert summer annual. Oecologia 57:107–112 Google Scholar
Ehleringer, J (1985) Annuals and perennials of warm deserts. Pages 162–180 in Chabot BF, Mooney HA, eds. Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities. New York: Chapman and Hall Google Scholar
Fenner, M (1991) The effects of the parent environment on seed germinability. Seed Sci Res 1:75–84 Google Scholar
Forseth, IN, Ehleringer, JR (1982) Ecophysiology of two solar tracking desert winter annuals. Oecologia 54:41–49 Google Scholar
Franks, SJ, Sim, S, Weis, AE (2007) Rapid evolution of flowering time by an annual plant in response to a climate fluctuation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:1278–1282 Google Scholar
Heap, I (2017) Herbicide Resistant Palmer Amaranth Globally. http://www.weedscience.org/Summary/Species.aspx. Accessed: November 9, 2017Google Scholar
Hillel, D (1998) Environmental Soil Physics. San Diego: Academic. 771 ppGoogle Scholar
Horak, MJ, Loughin, TM (2000) Growth analysis of four Amaranthus species. Weed Sci 48:347–355 Google Scholar
Irmak, S, Haman, DZ (2001) Performance of the Watermark granular matrix sensor in sandy soils. Appl Eng Agric 17: 787–795 Google Scholar
Irmak, S, Haman, DZ, Irmak, A, Jones, JW, Campbell, KL, Crisman, TL (2004) Measurement and analysis of growth and stress parameters of Viburnum odoratissimum (Ker-gawl) grown in a multi-plot box system. HortScience 39:1445–1455 Google Scholar
Irmak, S, Payero, JO, VanDeWalle, B, Rees, J, Zoubek, G, Martin, DL, Kranz, WL, Eisenhauer, D, Leininger, D (2016) Principles and Operational Characteristics of Watermark Granular Matrix Sensor to Measure Soil Water Status and Its Practical Applications for Irrigation Management in Various Soil Textures. Lincoln, NE: Nebraska Extension Circular EC783. http://extensionpublications.unl.edu/assets/pdf/ec783.pdf. Accessed: October 30, 2017Google Scholar
Jackson, LA, Kapusta, G, Schutte Mason, DJ (1985) Effect of duration and type of natural weed infestations on soybean yield. Agron J 77:725–729 Google Scholar
Jhala, AJ, Sandell, LD, Rana, N, Kruger, GR, Knezevic, SZ (2014) Confirmation and control of triazine and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-inhibiting herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Nebraska. Weed Technol 28:28–38 Google Scholar
Karimmojeni, H, Bazrafshan, AH, Majidi, MM, Torabian, S, Rashidi, B (2014) Effect of maternal nitrogen and drought stress on seed dormancy and germinability of Amaranthus retroflexus . Plant Species Biol 29: e1–e8. 10.1111/1442-1984.12022.Google Scholar
Keeley, PE, Carter, CH, Thullen, RJ (1987) Influence of planting date on growth of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). Weed Sci 35:199–204 Google Scholar
Klingaman, TE, Oliver, LR (1994) Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci 42:523–527 Google Scholar
Knezevic, SZ, Horak, MJ, Vanderlip, RL (1999) Estimates of physiological determinants for redroot pigweed. Weed Sci 47:291–296 Google Scholar
Knezevic, SZ, Streibig, JC, Ritz, C (2007) Utilizing R software package for dose-response studies: the concept and data analysis. Weed Technol 21:840–848 Google Scholar
Kohrt, JR, Sprague, CL (2017) Herbicide management strategies in field corn for a three-way herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) population. Weed Technol 31:364–372 Google Scholar
Lawlor, DW (2013) Genetic engineering to improve plant performance under drought: physiological evaluation of achievements, limitations, and possibilities. J Exp Bot 64:83–108 Google Scholar
Liphadzi, KB, Dille, JA (2006) Annual weed competitiveness as affected by preemergence herbicide in corn. Weed Sci 54:156–165 Google Scholar
Lubbers, MD, Stahlman, PW, Al-Khatib, K (2007) Fluroxypyr efficacy is affected by relative humidity and soil moisture. Weed Sci 55:260–263 Google Scholar
Massinga, RA, Currie, RS, Horak, MJ, Boyer, J Jr (2001) Interference of Palmer amaranth in corn. Weed Sci 49: 202–208 Google Scholar
Massinga, RA, Currie, RS, Trooien, TP (2003) Water use and light interception under Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and corn competition. Weed Sci 51:523–531 Google Scholar
McLachlan, SM, Swanton, CJ, Weise, SF, Tollenaar, M (1993) Effect of corn-induced shading and temperature on rate of leaf appearance in redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.). Weed Sci 41:590–593 Google Scholar
Morrison, RG, Lownds, NK, Sterling, TM (1995) Picloram uptake, translocation, and efficacy in relation to water status of Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens). Weed Sci 43:34–39 Google Scholar
Paudel, R, Grantz, DA, Vu, HB, Shrestha, A (2016) Tolerance of elevated ozone and water stress in a California population of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). Weed Sci 64:276–284 Google Scholar
Peters, NCB (1982) Production and dormancy of wild oat (Avena fatua) seed from plants grown under soil water stress. Ann Appl Biol 100:189–196 Google Scholar
Radosevich, S, Holt, JS, Ghersa, C (1997) Weed Ecology: Implications for Vegetation Management. New York: Wiley. Pp 278–301 Google Scholar
Rawls, WJ (1983) Estimating soil bulk density from particle size analyses and organic matter content. Soil Sci 135:123–125 Google Scholar
Rawls, WJ, Gimenez, D, Grossman, R (1998) Use of soil texture, bulk density and slope of the water retention curve to predict saturated hydraulic conductivity. Trans Am Soc Agric Eng 41:983–988 Google Scholar
Ritz C, Streibig JC (2016) Analysis of Dose-Response Curves. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/drc/drc.pdf. Accessed: January 20, 2018Google Scholar
Ruiter, HD, Meinen, E (1998) Influence of water stress and surfactant on the efficacy, absorption, and translocation of glyphosate. Weed Sci 46:289–296 Google Scholar
Sarangi, D, Irmak, S, Lindquist, JL, Knezevic, SZ, Jhala, AJ (2015) Effect of water stress on the growth and fecundity of common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis). Weed Sci 64:42–52 Google Scholar
Saxton, KE, Rawls, WJ (2006) Soil water characteristic estimates by texture and organic matter for hydrologic solutions. Soil Sci Soc Am J 70:1569–1578 Google Scholar
Saxton, KE, Rawls, WJ, Romberger, JS, Papendick, RI (1986) Estimating generalized soil water characteristics from texture. Trans Am Soc Agric Eng 50:1031–1035 Google Scholar
Shitaka, Y, Hirose, T (1998) Effects of shift in flowering time on the reproductive output of Xanthium canadense in a seasonal environment. Oecologia 114:361–367 Google Scholar
Skelton, JJ, Ma, R, Riechers, DE (2016) Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) control under drought stress with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and glyphosate. Weed Bio Manag 16:34–41 Google Scholar
Steckel, LE, Sprague, CL, Hager, AG, Simmons, FW, Bollero, GA (2003) Effects of shading on common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) growth and development. Weed Sci 51:898–903 Google Scholar
Stoller, EW, Myers, RA (1989) Response of soybeans (Glycine max) and four broadleaf weeds to reduced irradiance. Weed Sci 37:570–574 Google Scholar
Vieira, BC, Samuelson, SL, Alves, GS, Gaines, TA, Werle, R, Kruger, GR (2018) Distribution of glyphosate-resistant Amaranthus spp. in Nebraska. Pest Manag Sci. 10.1002/ps.4781Google Scholar
Webster, TM, Grey, TL (2008) Growth and reproduction of Benghal dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) in response to drought stress. Weed Sci 56:561–566 Google Scholar
Wiese, AF (1968) Rate of weed root elongation. Weed Sci 16:11–13 Google Scholar
Wright, SR, Jennette, MW, Coble, HD, Rufty, TW Jr (1999a) Root morphology of young Glycine max, Senna obtusifolia, and Amaranthus palmeri . Weed Sci 47:706–711 Google Scholar
Wright, SR, Coble, HD, Raper, CD Jr, Rufty, TW Jr (1999b) Comparative responses of soybean (Glycine max), sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia), and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) to root zone and aerial temperatures. Weed Sci 47:167–174 Google Scholar
Wu, D, Qu, JJ, Hao, X, Xiong, J (2013) The 2012 agricultural drought assessment in Nebraska using MODIS satellite data. Pages 170–175 in Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics. Fairfax, VA: Center for Spatial Information Science and SystemsGoogle Scholar
Zhou, J, Tao, B, Messersmith, CG, Nalewaja, JD (2007) Glyphosate efficacy on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) is affected by stress. Weed Sci 55:240–244 Google Scholar
Zhu, Y (2016) Performance of Frequency-Domain and Time-Domain Reflectometry Soil Moisture Sensors in Coarse- and Fine-Textured Soils. MS dissertation. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska–Lincoln. 83 p Google Scholar