Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T07:04:23.416Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Photoperiod and Temperature on Root Bud Development and Assimilate Translocation in Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Ray S. McAllister  and
Lloyd C. Haderlie
Ray S. McAllister
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Path., Seed and Weed Sci., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011 Dep. Agron., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Lloyd C. Haderlie
Affiliation:
Aberdeen Res. and Ext. Center, Univ. of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210 Dep. Agron., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Adventitious root bud development and assimilate translocation were studied in Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. ♯ CIRAR] grown in nutrient solution in controlled environments using combinations of two photoperiods (PP) (13 and 15 h), three day/night shoot temperatures (ST) (15/5, 25/15, and 30/22 C), and three root temperatures (RT) (10, 20, and 30 C). Total root bud elongation increased with RT and length of PP and was greatest (65 cm/plant) at 25/15 C ST, 15-h PP, and 30 C RT. The number of root buds produced was greatest at 20 C RT (7.3 to 10.3 buds/plant), whereas variations in PP and ST had little effect. Total dry-matter production was greatest (7.2 g/plant) at 15-h PP, 30/22 C ST, and 20 C RT. To study phloem translocation, photoassimilates were labeled in Canada thistle plants by exposing mature leaves to 14CO2. Net assimilate translocation from a source leaf following 24-h temperature acclimation was affected little by RT and ST, but was greater under the 13-h PP than under the 15-h PP. After 7 days of temperature preconditioning, net translocation of 14C-assimilates increased with both RT and ST, but no effects due to PP were noted. With 24-h temperature acclimation, net assimilate accumulation in roots was enhanced by 13-h PP and low ST (15/5 C), whereas RT itself had no effect. In temperature-preconditioned plants, 10 C RT enhanced assimilate accumulation in roots, but ST and PP had no effect.

Keywords

Perennial weedsphotoassimilatesCIRAR
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , March 1985 , pp. 148 - 152
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Baradari, M. R., Haderlie, L. C., and Wilson, R. G. 1980. Chlorflurenol effects on absorption and translocation of dicamba in Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Weed Sci. 28:197–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Cooper, A. J. 1973. Root temperature and plant growth – A review. Res. Rev. No. 4. Commonwealth Bureau of Horticulture and Plantation Crops. East Malling, England. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England. 73 pp.Google Scholar
3. Cords, H. P. 1966. Root temperature and susceptibility to 2,4-D in three weed species. Weeds 14:121–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Fykse, H. 1977. [Research on Sonchus arvensis L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. and Tussilago farfara L. Translocation of radioactive-labelled carbohydrates and MCPA.] Meld. Nor. Landbrukshogsk. 56(27):1–22.Google Scholar
5. Hamdoun, A. M. 1972. Regenerative capacity of root fragments of Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Weed Res. 12:128–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Hide, J. C. 1942. A graphic presentation of temperatures in the surface foot of soil in comparison with air temperatures. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 7:31–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Hunter, J. H. and Smith, L. W. 1972. Environment and herbicide effects on Canada thistle ecotypes. Weed Sci. 20:163–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. McAllister, R. S. and Haderlie, L. C. 1985. Seasonal variations in Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) root bud growth and root carbohydrate reserves. Weed Sci. 33:44–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. McAllister, R. S. and Haderlie, L. C. 1985. Translocation of 14C-glyphosate and 14CO2-labeled photoassimilates in Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Weed Sci. 33:153–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Muller, F. 1969. [Translocation of 14C-labelled MCPA in perennial weeds in relation to developmental stage and reserve material content.] Angew. Bot. 43:124–147.Google Scholar
11. Nielsen, K. F. and Humphries, E. C. 1966. Effects of root temperature on plant growth. Soils and Fert. 29:1–7.Google Scholar
12. Nooden, L. D. and Weber, J. A. 1978. Environmental and hormonal control of dormancy in terminal buds of plants. Pages 221–268 in Clutter, M. E., ed. Dormancy and development arrest. Academic Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Rogers, C. F. 1929. Winter activity of the roots of perennial weeds. Science 69:299–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14. Smith, A. 1929. Comparisons of daytime and nightime soil and air temperatures. Hilgardia 4:241–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Stroup, W. W. 1982. Use of SAS to analyze experiments conducted over time with multivariate responses and autocorrelated errors. Proc. 7th Annual Statistical Analysis System User's Group Int. Conf. Pages 660–665.Google Scholar