Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T15:24:21.089Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Effects of Depth and Duration of Burial on the Germination of Ten Annual Weed Seeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

L. C. Horng  and
L. S. Leu
L. C. Horng
Affiliation:
Plant Protection Center, Taiwan, Wufeng 431, Taiwan, Republic of China
L. S. Leu
Affiliation:
Plant Protection Center, Taiwan, Wufeng 431, Taiwan, Republic of China
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Seeds of barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.], common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), fimbristylis [Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl.], goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.], monochoria [Monochoria vaginalis (L.) Presl.], pale smartweed (Polygonum lapathifolium L.), rice flatsedge (Cyperus iria L.), slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis L.), smallflower umbrella plant (Cyperus difformis L.), and sour paspalum (Paspalum conjugatum Bergius), were placed in nylon mesh bags and buried at 0 (surface), 2.5, 7.5, 15, and 25 cm depths in the soil in November 1974 for 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 365 days. They were then recovered from soil to test their germination in petri dishes. Seeds on the soil surface had lower percent germination than those that were buried. Statistical data showed that the total percent germination was not significantly different for the seeds buried at 2.5 cm and deeper in soil when examined at the same burial intervals. During the experiment, the total percent germination of seeds was classified into three groups: (a) percent germination remained constant and relatively high, as for smallflower umbrella plant, common purslane, goosegrass, and slender amaranth; (b) percent germination remained at a plateau for 240 days and then gradually declined at 300 and 365 days, as for sour paspalum; and (c) percent germination was low at the beginning and the end of the experimental period but high in the middle, as for barnyardgrass, monochoria, pale smartweed, rice flatsedge, and fimbristylis. During the experiment, common purslane, barnyardgrass, and monochoria reached a germination peak within the first 5 days. Seeds of the 7 other species germinated within 3 to 5 days or 6 to 10 days, depending on the combination of innate dormancy, temperature, and light intensity.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , January 1978 , pp. 4 - 10
Copyright
Copyright © 1978 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Bayer, D. E. and Buchholtz, K. P. 1957. Some factors affecting the germination of three species of smartweed. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 14:7–8.Google Scholar
2. Chang, W. L. 1970. The effect of weeds on rice in paddy field. II. Stage of weed emergence. J. Taiwan Agric. Res. 19(4):26–31.Google Scholar
3. Chepil, W. S. 1946. Germination of weed seeds. 1. Longevity, period of germination, and vitality of seeds in cultivated soil. Sci. Agric. 26:307–346.Google Scholar
4. Darlington, H. T. and Steinbauer, G. P. 1961. The eighty-year period for Dr. Beal's seed viability experiment. Am. J. Bot. 48:321–325.Google Scholar
5. Juliano, J. B. 1940. Viability of some Philippine weed seeds. Philippine Agric. 29:313–326.Google Scholar
6. Justice, O. L. 1957. Germination, dormancy and viability in seeds of certain weedy species of Cyperus . Proc. Assoc. Off. Seed Anal. 47:167–174.Google Scholar
7. Lewis, J. 1961. The influence of water level, soil depth and type on the survival of crop and weed seeds. Proc. Int. Seed Test. Assoc. 26:68–85.Google Scholar
8. Ransom, E. R. 1935. The inter-relations of catalase, respiration, after-ripening and germination in some dormant seeds of the Polygonaceae. Am. J. Bot. 22:815–825.Google Scholar
9. Roberts, H. A. and Feast, P. M. 1972. Fate of seeds of some annual weeds in different depth of cultivated and undisturbed soil. Weed Res. 12:316–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Rogers, B. J. and Stearns, F. W. 1955. Preliminary studies on the germination of weed seeds. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 12:7.Google Scholar
11. Stoller, E. W. and Wax, L. M. 1974. Dormancy change and fate of some annual weed seeds in the soil. Weed Sci. 22:151–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Taylorson, R. B. 1970. Change in dormancy and viability of weed seeds in soil. Weed Sci. 18:265–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Taylorson, R. B. 1972. Phytochrome controlled change in dormancy and germination of buried weed seeds. Weed Sci. 20:417–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Waldrom, L. R. 1964. Weed studies, viability and growth of buried weed seed. North Dakota Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 62:439–446.Google Scholar
15. Wesson, G. and Wareing, P. F. 1967. Light requirements of buried seeds. Nature, London 213:600–601.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Wesson, G. and Wareing, P. F. 1969. The role of light in the germination of naturally occurring population of buried weed seeds. J. Exp. Bot. 20:408–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Wesson, G. and Wareing, P. F. 1969. The induction of light sensitivity in weed seeds by burial. J. Exp. Bot. 20:414–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Yamada, Iwao. 1954. Effect of low temperature on germination of weed seeds. Hokkaido Nat. Agric. Exp. Stn. (Sapporo) Res. Bull. 67:55–57.Google Scholar