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Effect of Planting Patterns and Inter-row Cultivation on Competition Between Corn (Zea mays) and Late Emerging Weeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Stephen D. Murphy ,
Yussif Yakubu ,
Stephan F. Weise  and
Clarence J. Swanton
Stephen D. Murphy
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., Univ. Guelph, Guelph. ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
Yussif Yakubu
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., Univ. Guelph, Guelph. ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
Stephan F. Weise
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., Univ. Guelph, Guelph. ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
Clarence J. Swanton*
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., Univ. Guelph, Guelph. ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
*
* Corresponding author [email protected].
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Abstract

Narrower corn row widths, higher crop densities, and interrow cultivation may be used as part of integrated weed management (IWM). During a three-year study, we tested whether these factors affected corn growth, development and grain yield at final harvest, and weed biomass when weeds were late-emerging (after the three-leaf stage of corn). Increasing corn density from 7 to 10 plants m−2 or decreasing row width from 75 to 50 cm significantly increased corn leaf area index (LAI), and reduced photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) available for a mixture of weed species located below the corn canopy. Narrower rows and higher corn density significantly reduced biomass of late-emerging weeds. Corn yields increased significantly (10 to 15%) only when narrower rows were used. Intraspecific competition between corn plants in the higher density significantly reduced early corn growth and offset any gain in yield from reduced weed competition. In comparison to plots where late-emerging weeds grew uncontrolled, interrow cultivation did not decrease biomass of late-emerging weeds, hence did not increase corn yield. We recommend using narrower row widths to reduce weed competition and increase corn yield. Increased corn densities had no net yield benefit. Early-season weed management is crucial as the later-emerging weeds were less important in terms of their effect on yield.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays L.Inter-row cultivationintegrated weed management
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 44 , Issue 4 , December 1996 , pp. 865 - 870
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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