Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T03:37:24.852Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Distribution, Competition, and Phenology of Hemp Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) in Nebraska

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

M. E. Schultz  and
O. C. Burnside
M. E. Schultz
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
O. C. Burnside
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

All land uses in eastern and southeastern Nebraska were infested to some extent with hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum L.). The highest infestations were observed in oats (Avena sativa L.) and soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and the lowest infestations were in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), pastures, and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Yield reductions from hemp dogbane infestations ranged from 0 to 10% in corn (Zea mays L.), 28 to 41% in soybeans, and 37 to 45% in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Emergence of hemp dogbane from crown roots occurred when the soil temperature was 17 to 19 C, during April in 1977 and 1978. Plants attained the bud stage within 4 to 7 weeks after emergence. Early flower, full bloom, and pod initiation occurred subsequently at about 1 week intervals. Seeds produced were first viable 10 weeks after full bloom. Root activity or regenerative capacity as measured by length and number of new shoots and roots produced at monthly intervals in the germinator showed a cyclic pattern. The highest activity occurred in the spring and late fall and lowest activity in summer and early fall. Protein levels in the roots ranged from 7 to 9% in the fall and spring to 4 to 5% during the summer. Percentage total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) ranged from 20 to 31% in lateral roots and 32 to 53% in crown roots, but there was not a consistent cyclic pattern of percentage TNC during the growing season.

Keywords

Competitioninterferencelife historyregenerative capacitytotal nonstructural carbohydrates
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 27 , Issue 5 , September 1979 , pp. 565 - 570
Copyright
Copyright © 1979 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Anonymous. 1970. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv. Selected weeds of the United States. Agric. Handb. No. 366. 463 pp.Google Scholar
2. Bhowmik, P. C. and Bandeen, J. D. 1969. Seasonal patterns of carbohydrate reserves in milkweed. Res. Rep. Can. Nat. Weed Comm. (East. Sec.) 14:248.Google Scholar
3. Cords, H. P. and Badiei, A. A. 1964. Root reserves and susceptibility to systemic herbicides in two Phreatophytes. Weeds 12:299–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Evetts, L. L. and Burnside, O. C. 1973. Watch out for hemp dogbane. Nebraska Farm, Ranch, and Home Quart. 19:19–20.Google Scholar
5. Frazier, J. C. 1944. Nature and rate of development of root system of Apocynum cannabinum . Bot. Gaz. 105:463–470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Frazier, J. C. 1945. Second year development of root system of Apocunum cannabinum . Bot. Gaz. 106:332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Hamdown, A. M. 1972. Regenerative capacity of root fragments of Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Weed Res. 12:128–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Jeffery, L. S. and Robison, L. R. 1969. Know and control hemp dogbane. Coop. Ext. Serv. Publ. E.C. 69—184. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska. 7 pp.Google Scholar
9. Muenscher, W. C., ed. 1951. Poisonous plants of the United States, revised edition, The MacMillan Company, New York, New York. 277 pp.Google Scholar
10. Robison, L. R. and Jeffery, L. S. 1972. Hemp dogbane growth and control. Weed Sci. 20:156–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Schultz, M. E. and Burnside, O. C. 1978. Allelopathic influence of hemp dogbane on corn, soybean, and grain sorghum. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. Res. Rep. 35:50.Google Scholar
12. Schultz, M. E. and Burnside, O. C. 1978. Defoliation of hemp dogbane by insects. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. Res. Rep. 35:40.Google Scholar
13. Smith, Dale. 1969. Removing and analyzing total nonstructural carbohydrates from plant tissue. Univ. of Wisconsin Res. Rep. No. 41. 11 pp.Google Scholar
14. Sprankle, P., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1975. Absorption, action, and translocation of glyphosate. Weed Sci. 23:235–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Swan, D. G. and Chancellor, R. J. 1976. Regenerative capacity of field bindweed roots. Weed Sci. 24:306–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Wyrill, J. B., III and Burnside, O. C. 1976. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of 2,4-D and glyphosate in common milkweed and hemp dogbane. Weed Sci. 24:557–566.Google Scholar
17. Wyrill, J. B., III and Burnside, O. C. 1976. Allelopathic influence of common milkweed and hemp dogbane on grain sorghum. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. Res. Rep. 33:27–28.Google Scholar