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The Critical Period of Bengal Dayflower (Commelina Bengalensis) Control in Peanut

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Theodore M. Webster ,
Wilson H. Faircloth ,
J. Timothy Flanders ,
Eric P. Prostko  and
Timothy L. Grey
Theodore M. Webster*
Affiliation:
Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA 31794
Wilson H. Faircloth
Affiliation:
National Peanut Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Dawson, GA 39842
J. Timothy Flanders
Affiliation:
Berrien County Extension Service, University of Georgia, Nashville, GA 31639
Eric P. Prostko
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794
Timothy L. Grey
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794
*
Corresponding author's Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Bengal dayflower (also known as tropical spiderwort) is one of the most troublesome weeds in peanut in Georgia, United States. Field studies conducted in 2004 and 2005 evaluated the relationship between the duration of Bengal dayflower interference and peanut yield in an effort to optimize the timing of weed control. In 2004, the critical period of weed control (CPWC) necessary to avoid greater than 5% peanut yield loss was between 316 and 607 growing degree days (GDD), which corresponded to an interval between June 8 and July 2. In 2005, the CPWC ranged from 185 to 547 GDD, an interval between May 30 and July 3. Maximum yield loss in 2005 from season-long interference of Bengal dayflower was 51%. In 2004, production of peanut pods was eliminated by interference with Bengal dayflower for the initial 6 wk (495 GDD) of the growing season. Robust Bengal dayflower growth in 2004 shaded the peanut crop, likely intercepting fungicide applications and causing a reduction in peanut yield. Therefore, the competitive effects of Bengal dayflower are likely complicated with the activity of plant pathogens. In spite of higher Bengal dayflower population densities, greater Bengal dayflower growth, and greater peanut yield losses in 2004 than in 2005, the CPWC was a relatively similar 4-wk period that ended during the first week of July, for peanut that was planted in the first week of May.

Keywords

Bengal dayflower (tropical spiderwort), Commelina Bengalensis L. COMBE, peanut, Arachis hypogaea LCompetitionnoxious weedinterferenceinvasive weedyield loss
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 55 , Issue 4 , August 2007 , pp. 359 - 364
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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