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Diurnal rhythm of cone opsin expression in the teleost fish Haplochromis burtoni

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2005

SVEN HALSTENBERG ,
KRISTIN M. LINDGREN ,
SANJUM P. S. SAMAGH ,
MIREYA NADAL-VICENS ,
STEVE BALT,  and
RUSSELL D. FERNALD
SVEN HALSTENBERG
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford Present address: Institute of Pathology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, D-55101 Mainz, Germany
KRISTIN M. LINDGREN
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford
SANJUM P. S. SAMAGH
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford
MIREYA NADAL-VICENS
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford Present address: Program of Neurosciences, Harvard University, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
STEVE BALT,
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford Present address: Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
RUSSELL D. FERNALD
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford
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Abstract

The biochemical and morphological specializations of rod and cone photoreceptors reflect their roles in sight. The apoprotein opsin, which converts photons into chemical signals, functions at one end of these highly polarized cells, in the outer segment. Previous work has shown that the mRNA of rod opsin, the opsin specific to rods, is renewed in the outer segment with a diurnal rhythm in the retina of the teleost fish Haplochromis burtoni. Here we show that in the same species, all three cone opsin mRNAs (blue, green, and red) also have a diurnal rhythm of expression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primer pairs specific for the cone photoreceptor opsin subtypes was used to detect opsin mRNA abundance in animals sacrificed at 3-h intervals around the clock. All three cone opsins were expressed with diurnal rhythms similar to each other but out of phase with the rod opsin rhythm. Specifically, cone opsin expression occurs at a higher level near the onset of the dark period, when cones are not used for vision. Finally, we found that the rhythm of cone opsin expression in fish appears to be light dependent, as prolonged darkness changes normal diurnal expression patterns.

Keywords

Cone photoreceptorOpsinDiurnal rhythmTemporal regulationHaplochromis (Astatotilapia) burtoni
Type
Research Article
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , March 2005 , pp. 135 - 141
Copyright
© 2005 Cambridge University Press

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