Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T12:07:07.109Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactivity (CRF-LI) in horizontal cells of the developing rat retina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

Danru Zhang  and
Hermes H. Yeh
Danru Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester, Rochester
Hermes H. Yeh
Affiliation:
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester, Rochester
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study describes a phenomenon of transient expression of corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactivity (CRF-LI) in immature horizontal cells of the developing rat retina. These cells could be distinguished from those destined to become CRF-LI amacrine cells in the adult by their location within the outer portion of the neuroblastic layer (NBL) and by their ontogenetic pattern. Upon initial detection on postnatal day 3 (PD-3), faint CRF-LI cellular profiles were found in the outer portion of the NBL, limited to the central region of the retina. Subsequently, on PD-5, these profiles began to appear in the periphery, forming a single horizontal row along the outermost aspect of the developing inner nuclear layer (INL), concomitant with the establishment of the outer plexiform layer (OPL). The results of our birth-dating study combining immunohistochemistry and [3H]-thymidine autoradiography indicated that these cells were generated between embryonic day 14 and 18. These findings are consistent with them being horizontal cells. Between PD-7 and PD-9, CRF-LI in horizontal cells began to diminish progressively following a center-to-periphery gradient such that only sporadic, faintly immunoreactive patches of cells could be seen by the time of eye opening (PD-15). Around PD-19, it declined to levels below immunohistochemical detection. However, when rats were reared in complete darkness beginning at birth until PD-21, the period of CRF-LI expression in horizontal cells was prolonged and persisted throughout the first three postnatal weeks of development.

Keywords

Corticotropin releasing factorTransient expressionHorizontal cellsRat retinaDevelopment
Type
Research Articles
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , April 1991 , pp. 383 - 391
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bear, M.F., Carnes, K.M. & Ebner, F.F (1985). Postnatal changes in the distribution of acetylcholinesterase in kitten striate cortex. Journal of Comparative Neurology 237, 519–532.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Black, I.B., Adler, J.E., Dreyfus, C.F., Jonakait, G.M., Katz, D.M., Lagamma, E.F., & Markey, K.M. (1984). Neurotransmitter plasticity at the molecular level. Science 225, 1266–1270.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blanks, J.C. & Box, D. (1977). An autoradiographic analysis of postnatal cell proliferation in normal and degenerative mouse retina. Journal of Comparative Neurology 174, 317–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bolz, J. & Mcguire, B.A. (1985). GABA-like inununoreactivity in horizontal cells of the cat retina. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 11, 1215.Google Scholar
Braekevelt, C.R. & Hollenberg, M.J. (1970). The development of the retina of the Albino rat. American Journal of Anatomy 127, 281–302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brecha, N. (1983). Retinal neurotransmitters: histochemical and biochemical studies. In Chemical Neuroanatomy, ed. Emson, P.C., pp. 85–129. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Brecha, N.C. & Karten, H.J. (1985). Localization of biologically active peptides in retina. In Retinal Transmitters and Modulators: Models for the Brain, Vol. 1, ed. Emson, P.C., pp. 93–118. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Carter-dawson, L.D. & Lavail, M.M. (1979). Rods and cones in the mouse retina: autoradiographic analysis of cell generation using tntiated thymidine. Journal of Comparative Neurology 188, 263–272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavanagh, M. & Parnavelas, J.G. (1988). Development of somatostatin immunoreactive neurons in the rat occipital cortex: a combined immunocytochemical-autoradiographic study. Journal of Comparative Neurology 268, 1–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chun, J.J.M. & Shatz, C.J. (1989). The earliest-generated neurons of the cat cerebral cortex: characterization by MAP2 and neurotransmitter immunohistochemistry during fetal life. Journal of Neuroscience 9, 1648–1667.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chun, J.J.M., Nakamura, M.J. & Shatz, C.J. (1987). Transient cells of the developing mammalian telencephalon are peptide-immunoreactive neurons. Nature 325, 617–620.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hauser, K.F., Mclaughlin, P.J. & Zagon, I.S. (1987). Endogenous opioids regulate dendritic growth and spine formation in developing rat brain. Brain Research 416, 157–161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jonakait, G.M., Markey, K.A., Goldstein, M. & Black, I.B. (1984). Transient expression of selected catecholaminergic traits in cranial sensory and dorsal root ganglia of the embryonic rat. Developmental Biology 101, 51–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keyser, K.T., Karten, H.J., Katz, B. & Bohn, M.C. (1987). Catecholaminergic horizontal and amacrine cells in the ferret retina. Journal of Neuroscience 7, 3996–4004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lowe, W.L., Schaffner, A.E., Roberts, C.T. & Leroith, D. (1987). Developmental regulation of somatostatin gene expression in the brain is region specific. Molecular Endocrinology 1, 181–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marc, R.E. (1986). Neurochemical stratification in the inner plexiform layer of the vertebrate retina. Vision Research 26, 223–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Massey, S.C. & Redburn, D.A. (1987). Transmitter circuits in the vertebrate retina. Progress in Neurobiology 28, 55–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Olschowka, J.A., O';Donohue, T.L., Mueller, G.P. & Jacobowitz, D.M. (1982). The distribution of corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactive neurons in rat brain. Peptides 3, 995–1015.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parnavelas, J.G. & Blue, M.E. (1982). The role of the noradrenergic system on the formation of synapses in the visual cortex of the rat. Developmental Brain Research 3, 140–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parnavelas, J.G. & Cavanagh, M.E. (1988). Transient expression of neurotransmitters in the developing neocortex. Trends in Neurosciences 11, 92–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patterson, P.H. (1978). Environmental determination of autonomic neurotransmitter functions. Annual Review of Neuroscience 1, 1–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramon, Y Cajal S. (1960). Development of the horizontal neurons in the mouse retina and their accidental alteration of location and direction. In Studies on Vertebrate Neurogenesis, Guth, L. (translation), pp. 380–401. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher.Google Scholar
Redburn, D. & Madtes, P. (1986). Postnatal development of [3H]-GABA-accumulating cells in rabbit retina. Journal of Comparative Neurology 243, 41–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schnitzer, J. & Rusoff, A.C. (1984). Horizontal cells of the mouse retina contain glutamic acid decarboxylase-like immunoreactivity during early developmental stages. Journal of Neuroscience 4, 2948–2955.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sidman, R.L. (1961). Histogenesis of mouse retina studied with [3H]-thymidine. In The Structure of the Eye, ed. Smelser, G.K., pp. 487–506. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Sternberger, L.A. (1979). Immunocytochemistry, 2nd edition. New York: Wiley.Google ScholarPubMed
Swanson, L.W., Sawchenko, P.E., Rivier, J. & Vale, W.W. (1983). Organization of bovine corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactive cells and fibers in the rat brain: an immunohistochemical study. Neuroendocrinology 36, 165–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tribollet, E., Charpak, S., Schmidt, A., Dauphin, D. & Dreifuss, J.J. (1989). Appearance and transient expression of oxytocin receptor in fetal infant, and peripubertal rat brain studied by autoradiography and electrophysiology. Journal of Neuroscience 9, 1764–1773.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trojanczyk, L., Zhang, D. & Yeh, H.H. (1988). Transient expression of CRF-like immunoreactivity by horizontal cells in the developing rat retina. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 14, 37.Google Scholar
Valverde, F. & Facal-valverde, M.V. (1987). Transitory population of cells in the temporal cortex of kittens. Developmental Brain Research 32, 283–288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Versaux-botteri, C., Pocket, R. & Nguyen-legros, J. (1989). Immunohistochemical localization of GABA-containing neurons during postnatal development of the rat retina. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 30, 652–659.Google ScholarPubMed
Veruki, M. & Yeh, H.H. (1990). Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide modulates rod bipolar cell responses to inhibitory retinal neurotransmitters. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 16, 1023.Google Scholar
Wässie, H. & Chun, M.H. (1989). GABA-like immunoreactivity in the cat retina: light microscopy. Journal of Comparative Neurology 279, 43–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, R.E., Wiegand, S.J., Clough, R.W. & Hoffman, G.E. (1986). Use of cryoprotectant to maintain long-term peptide immunoreactivity and tissue morphology. Peptides 7, 155–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yamashia, A., Hasm, M., Shimizu, K. & Oshima, K. (1989). Ontogeny of somatostatin in cerebral cortex of macaque monkey: an immunohistochemical study. Developmental Brain Research 45, 103–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yazulla, S. (1986). GABAergic mechanisms in the retina. Progress in Retinal Research 5, 1–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeh, H.H. & Olschowka, J.A. (1989). A system of corticotropin releasing factor-containing amacrine cells in the rat retina. Neuroscience 33, 229–240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zagon, I.S. & Mclaughlin, P.J. (1986). Opioid antagonist-induced modulation of cerebral and hippocampal development: histological and morphometric studies. Developmental Brain Research 28, 233–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zalutsky, R.A. & Miller, R.F. (1990 a). The physiology of somatostatin in the rabbit retina. Journal of Neuroscience 10, 383–393.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zalutsky, R.A. & Miller, R.F. (1990 b). The physiology of substance P in the rabbit retina. Journal of Neuroscience 10, 394–402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, D. & Yeh, H.H. (1990). Histogenesis of corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactive amacnine cells in the rat retina. Developmental Brain Research 53, 194–199.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, D., Gallagher, M., Sladek, C.D. & Yeh, H.H. (1990). Postnatal development of corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactive amacnine cells in the rat retina. Developmental Brain Research 51, 185–194.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed