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Helvétius and the Problems of Utilitarianism
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 January 2009
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References
1 De l'esprit, Paris, 1758, 4to, (henceforth E.), pp. i–iiGoogle Scholar. The translations, which are mine, are not slavishly literal.
2 De l'homme, London, 1773, 2 vols. (639; 760 pp.)Google Scholar, (henceforth H.), i. 91.
3 H., i. 333Google Scholar. Henceforth, references for allusions to and quotations from Helvétius's two works will be given in one note for each paragraph.
4 E., p. 322Google Scholar; H., ii. 405.Google Scholar
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7 E., p. 163Google Scholar; p. 46; H., i. 137Google Scholar. n.31; ii. 499; E., p. ivGoogle Scholar; H., i., p. iii.Google Scholar
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11 de Beaumont, C., Mandement de Monseigneur l'archevêque de Paris, portant condamnation d'un livre qui a pour titre, De l'esprit, Paris, 1758, p. 15Google Scholar. Cf. Hayer, , vii. 209–10Google Scholar; Lettres à M.*** traduite de l'anglois, Amsterdam, 1759, p. 42Google Scholar; Journal de Trévoux, 11 1758, pp. 2845–6.Google Scholar
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15 This example is taken from Diderot, 's untitled work published as ‘Diderot et l'abbé Barthelémy’, Revue mondiale, cxxxv (1960), 261Google Scholar; cf. E., p. 79Google Scholar n.c. John Stuart Mill uses this example of a lie ‘expedient for some immediate object, some temporary purpose’. Though Mill acknowledges that all lies undermine both the credibility and the character of the teller, as well as impairing general trust in men's assertions, he recognizes that ‘after weighing conflicting utilities against one another’, we can justify some lies. (‘Utilitarianism’, in Essays on Ethics, Religions and Society, ed. Robson, John M., Toronto, 1969Google Scholar, Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, x. 223).Google Scholar
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26 H., ii. 406–7Google Scholar, ii. 399–400.
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