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Connecting people, connecting places: antiquarians as mediators in sixteenth-century Rome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2010

Abstract:

During the sixteenth century, antiquarians increasingly developed a self-conscious identity as a professional group with specific social, intellectual and artisan skills. Their activity was not linked to a particular place though: antiquities surfaced from the earth both inside and outside the city walls and were traded in streets, squares, private houses and gardens. Using the Stampa brothers as a case-study, this article investigates the role and commercial strategies of antiquarians and their ability to cross the boundaries of social groups, since they had to deal with artisans, peasants and artists on one side, and cardinals and gentlemen on the other.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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References

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15 Cesare Targone, and Domenico and Cesare dei Cammei were well acquainted with Fulvio Orsini. They are mentioned as providers of antique gems in his inventory (Nolhac, ‘Les collections d'antiquités’, 153–72) and as agents in the acquisition of part of Lunardo Mocenigo's collection, completed by Orsini in 1578 on behalf of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese (Brown, C.M., ‘The “studio del clarissimo cavalier Mozzanico in Venezia”. Documents for the antiquarian ambitions of Francesco I de’ Medici, Mario Bevilacqua, Alessandro Farnese and Fulvio Orsini’, Jahrbuch der Berliner Museen, 41 (1999), 5576)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

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22 Jansen, D.J., ‘Jacopo Strada (1515–1588): antiquario della sacra cesarea maestà’, Leids kunsthistorisch Jaarboek, 1 (1982), 5769Google Scholar; idem, ‘Jacopo Strada et le commerce d'art’, Revue de l'art, 77 (1987), 11–21.

23 For a theoretical analysis of brokerage practice, see Boissevain, J., Friends of Friends: Network, Manipulators and Coalitions (Oxford, 1974)Google Scholar. From this point of view, the role played by antiquarians is similar to that performed by members of the royal households, who, travelling miles away from the royal residence on the king's orders or simply living outside the court, connected the spaces inhabited by the king to the surrounding city, to distant locales and institutions dispersed all over the country; see Gorse, G. and Smuts, M., ‘Introduction’, in Fantoni, M., Gorse, G. and Smuts, M. (eds.), The Politics of Space: European Courts ca. 1500–1750 (Rome, 2009), 24Google Scholar.

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25 I am currently preparing a separate publication about the Stampa brothers and the market for antiquities in Rome in the second half of the sixteenth century. I have reconstructed the relationship between the Stampa and Paolo Giordano I Orsini, duke of Bracciano, in Furlotti, B., A Renaissance Baron and his Possessions. Paolo Giordano I Orsini, Duke of Bracciano (1541–85) (Turnhout, forthcoming)Google Scholar.

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28 ASRm, TCG, Processi, vol. 19, fasc. 39, no foliation, interrogation of Pietro Stampa (‘me incresceva che [Giovanni Antonio] andasse vestito così sontuosamente come faceva et me l'ho cacciato di casa’).

29 ASRm, TCG, Processi, vol. 19, fasc. 39, no foliation, interrogation of Domenico Scaiola da Reggio (‘vedendo io che donava tutto el giorno qualche antiquità a questo et a quello et havendolo io per homo da bene et ben nato, gli facevo accoglienze et alle volte veniva a desinar meco’). Documents about this trial were partially published by Bertolotti, A., Bartolomeo Baronino da Casalmonferrato architetto in Roma nel secolo XVI (Casale Monferrato, 1875)Google Scholar.

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33 A copy of the Alexandrinae mensae descriptio by Vincenzo Stampa is preserved in London, British Museum, Add. MS 8297, fols. 207–13. For this table commissioned in Rome by Cardinal Michele Bonelli around 1587 and now in Madrid, Museo Nacional del Prado, see González-Palacios, A., Las colecciones reales españolas de mosaicos y piedras duras (Madrid, 2001), 5964Google Scholar.

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36 ASRm, TCG, Processi, vol. 19, fasc. 39, no foliation, interrogation of Valente da Oggiono.

37 ASRm, TCG, Investigazioni, vol. 99, fol. 55r.

38 On the relationship between the Stampa and Gonzaga, Cesare, Brown, C.M., Our Accustomed Discourse on the Antique. Cesare Gonzaga and Gerolamo Garimberto, Two Renaissance Collectors of Greco-Roman Art (New York and London, 1993)Google Scholar, ad indicem; on that between the Stampa and Ippolito d'Este, Documenti inediti per servire alla storia dei musei d'Italia, 4 vols. (Florence and Rome, 1879), vol. II, 157–62, in particular 162, and Venturi, A., ‘Ricerche di antichità per Monte Giordano, Monte Cavallo e Tivoli nel secolo XVI’, Archivio Storico dell'Arte, 3 (1890), 196206Google Scholar.

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41 In addition to the collectors already mentioned, the Stampa brothers had also relationships for instance with Cardinals Jean du Bellay (Salvetti, C. Bernardi, ‘Il naufragio presso Piombino di un navile carico di “anticaglie” romane nel 1550’, L'Urbe, 6 (1975), 1525Google Scholar) and Alessandro Farnese (Brown, ‘The “studio del clarissimo cavalier Mozzanico in Venezia”’, 55–76 and in particular docs. 21, 26, 28, 30, 41), with Dukes Alfonso II d'Este (Bentini and Spezzaferro (eds.), L'impresa di Alfonso II, ad indicem) and Guglielmo Gonzaga (Brown, C.M., ‘Bishop Gerolamo Garimberto, archaeological adviser to Guglielmo Gonzaga duke of Mantua (1570–1574)’, in Arte Lombarda, 83 (1987), 41–4Google Scholar, and Sogliani, D., Le collezioni Gonzaga. Il carteggio tra Venezia e Mantova (1563–1587) (Milan, 2002)Google Scholar, ad indicem).

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