Gonadotrophin ovulation induction is currently used for a heterogeneous group of ovulation disorders and unexplained infertility. In the United States it is reported that multiple pregnancy rates of greater than 30% occur as a result of ovulation induction, most commonly after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination. Treatment strategies to reduce the incidence of multiple pregnancies on ovulation induction programs can be targeted to reducing multiple follicular development and subsequent ovulation by a more aggressive cancellation policy, follicle reduction by fine needle aspiration or conversion to IVF; or dealing with the problem of multiple gestation after it has occurred (i.e., multifetal pregnancy reduction). The procedures and abilities exist to resolve this problem. What is needed are appropriate treatment guidelines and well constructed trials to demonstrate that higher order multiple pregnancies can be substantially reduced and/or eliminated without compromising a couple's chances to conceive.