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CD36 Gene Promoter Polymorphisms Are Associated With Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol in Normal Twins and After a Low-Calorie Diet in Obese Subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2012

Estibaliz Goyenechea
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Spain.
Laura J. Collins
Affiliation:
King's College London, Nutritional Sciences Division, United Kingdom.
Dolores Parra
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Spain.
Gaifen Liu
Affiliation:
Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
Harold Snieder
Affiliation:
Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, United Kingdom.
Ramasamyiyer Swaminathan
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Chemistry, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, United Kingdom.
Tim D. Spector
Affiliation:
Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, United Kingdom.
J. Alfredo Martínez
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Spain.
Sandra D. O'Dell*
Affiliation:
King's College London, Nutritional Sciences Division, United Kingdom. sandra.o'[email protected]
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr Sandra O'Dell, Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.

Abstract

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Common polymorphisms of the CD36 fatty acid transporter gene have been associated with lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease. Association of a CD36 promoter single nucleotide polymorphism genotype with anthropometry and serum lipids was investigated in normal subjects, and in obese subjects during an 8-week low calorie diet and 6-month weight-maintenance period. 2728 normal female Twins UK subjects (mean body mass index 24.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2; age 47.3 ± 12.5 y) and 183 obese male and female Spanish subjects (mean body mass index 30.6 ± 3.0 kg/m2; age 35.0 ± 5.0 y) were genotyped for the CD36-22674 T/C (rs2151916) promoter single nucleotide polymorphism. In the Twins UK full cohort, the C-allele was associated with lower low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = .02, N = 2396). No associations were found in the obese Spanish subjects at baseline, but 6 months after the end of the low-calorie diet, the C-allele was associated with lower total- (p = .03) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = .01) and higher high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = .01). Intake of saturated fatty acids was lower in carriers of the C-allele at baseline, but not significantly so (p = .11). However, 6 months after the end of the low-calorie diet, elements of the lipid profile were correlated with saturated fatty acid intake: total cholesterol r = .21, p = .060; low density lipoprotein-cholesterol: r = .25, p = .043; high density lipoprotein-cholesterol: r= –.26, p = .007. CD36 promoter SNP allele –22674C is therefore associated with lower serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in normal female twins and with improved lipid profile during weight loss and maintenance in obese subjects.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008