^{page 129 note 1} The only adequate account in English of German historical studies in the nineteenth century is the old, but still valuable, History and Historians in the nineteenth century, by Gooch, G.P. ( London, 1913; 3rd edn. revised, 1952 )Google Scholar; there is a section on the Monumenta, and a short account of Waitz.

^{page 129 note 2} For the story of the M[onumenta] G[ermaniae] H[istorica] to 1921 the narrative by Bresslau, Harry, the official centenary historian, in N[eues] A[rchiv], xlii ( 1921 )Google Scholar, is authoritative, and has been followed throughout. References are given as Bresslau. It may be supplemented by WattenbachLevison-Holtzmann, , Deutschlands Geschkhtsquellen in Mittelalter (edn. 1952 ), i, 17 – 28Google Scholar; Waitz, G., ‘ Über die Zukunft der M.G.H. ’, in Historische Zeitschrift, xxx ( 1873 ), l – 13Google Scholar; and Dümmler, E., ‘ Uber die Entstehung der M.G.H. ’, in Im neuen Reich ( Leipsic, 1876 )Google Scholar. A volume by H. Heimpel, Organisationsformen deutscher Geschichtswissenschaft, commemorating the centenary of the birth of P. F. Kehr, is scheduled for publication early in 1960 (Göttingen-Zürich).

^{page 130 note 1} Stein's biography has been written by G. H. Pertz (6 vols. in 7, 1849–55), SirSeeley, J. M., The Life and Times of Stein ( 3 vols., 1878 )Google Scholar, and Ritter, G., Stein, eine politische Biographie, 2 vols. ( Stuttgart-Berlin, 1931Google Scholar; repr. 1958). For a short account see the article by Rose, J. Holland in Encyclopaedia Britannica, 10th edn. ( 1911 )Google Scholar. Stein was assisted by others, especially by J. A. v. Aretin, but the latter is not entitled to the share attributed to him in N[eue] D[eutsche] B[iographie], s.v. Aretin, J. A.

^{page 131 note 1} There is no adequate life of Pertz. An interesting autobiographical fragment, dictated to his second wife in 1869, together with a selection of his letters (in English), was published by Leonora Pertz in ?1894. His letters to Droysen were published in 1896. Bresslau was able to use many others in the archives of M.G.H. For Pertz see also A[llgemeine] D[eutscke] B[iograpiie].

^{page 132 note 1} For Böhmer, see the biography, J. F. Böhmer s Leben, Briefe, etc., by Janssen, J. ( 1868 )Google Scholar. Cf. also Ranke, , Abhandlungen und Versuche, Neue Sammlung, 535 –44Google Scholar.

^{page 134 note 1} For this see Waitz, , N.A., ii, 460Google Scholar.

^{page 135 note 1} Bresslau, 209, gives it as nearly 5,000 Taler per annum. The monetary reckonings of early days are always in Gulden and Taler.

^{page 135 note 2} For a short English account of Ranke, see Gooch, op. cit., chap. vi.

^{page 136 note 1} There is no good biography of Waitz; for an intimate sketch by his son Eberhard, see Georg Wait (Berlin, 1913; the centenary of his birth). For appreciations, see Wattenbach, W., Abhandlungen d. Berliner Akademie, 1886Google Scholar; Kluckhohn, A., ‘ Zur Erinnerung an Georg Waitz ’, in Sammlung Gemeinverständlicher wissenschaftlicher Vorträge (ed. Holtzendorff, Virchov u.), N.F., ii Ser., Heft. 25–48 ( Berlin, 1887 )Google Scholar, 347–82, and the attractive pages of Monod, G. in Portraits et Souvenirs, 1897Google Scholar.

^{page 137 note 1} For Wattenbach see Gedächtnisrede, Dümmler's in Abhandlungen d. Berliner Akademie, 1892Google Scholar.

^{page 138 note 1} See Dictionary of National Biography, s.v.

^{page 138 note 2} Ibid.

^{page 138 note 3} Ibid., for article on his father.

^{page 139 note 1} 1838–96. For him and the other scholars of the M.G.H. the Nachruf or shorter obituary in the N.A. may be consulted; here the reference is N.A., xxi, 770 ff.; see also A.D.B.

^{page 139 note 2} 1838–9 N.A., xx, 664 ff.; A.D.B. (supplement).

^{page 140 note 1} 1841–95.

^{page 140 note 2} 1843–1902; N.A., xxvii, 768 ff.; A.D.B.

^{page 140 note 3} The article on Jaffé in A.D.B., by Alfred Dove, is unjustifiably harsh in its tone towards Pertz.

^{page 140 note 4} Bresslau, citing Wattenbach, 469. Cf. Dmmler to Sickel, 28 August 1872: ‘Pertz ist geistig stumpf, hält aber gleichwohl mit unbeugsamer Energie den Besitz der Monumenta als Familieneigentum fest’( Bresslau, 469, n. 1).

^{page 141 note 1} For the new statutes, see N.A., i, 7–9.

^{page 142 note 1} Ranke, , Ges. Werke, vol. 54, pp. 610Google Scholar ff. ‘Er war nicht genial, aber gediegen’

^{page 142 note 2} The phrase is used of a later period by Paul Kehr in his memoir of Seckel, E., N.A., xlvi, 160Google Scholar: ‘Die Leges sind von Anfang an das grosse Schmerzenskind der Monumenta gewesen’.

^{page 142 note 3} Theodor v. Sickel, 1826–1908. For him see Bresslau, 400 (note), Erben, in Historische Vierteljahrschrift, xi, 333Google Scholar ff., Santifaller, L. (editor), Theodor v. Sickel, Römische Erirmerungen ( Vienna, 1947 )Google Scholar, and Holtzmann, W. in Archivio delta societá Romana di storiapatria, lxxix ( 1956 ), 89 ffGoogle Scholar.

⁴ As Sickel himself recounted ( Bresslau, 531), the members of the directorate, though complimentary, clearly failed to make sense of his Latin.

^{page 143 note 1} 1851–1911. See A.D.B., Wattenbach, in N.A., vi, 456Google Scholar ff., and the memoir by Zeumer, K. in N.A., xxxvi, 821 ffGoogle Scholar .

^{page 143 note 2} 1857–1940.

^{page 143 note 3} 1848–1926. Bresslau was Professor-extraordinary at Berlin, 1877–90, Professor at Strassburg 1890–1918 and at Heidelberg for the remainder of his life. Memoir by Kehr, in N.A., xlvii, 251Google Scholarff. See also his autobiographical contribution (n. 2) to Die Geschichtswissenschaft der Gegenwart in Selbstdarstellungen, ii (1926).

⁴ 1861–1907. N.A., xxxiii, 539 ff.; P. Lehmann, introductory memoir to Traube's, Vorlesungen ( Munich, 1909 ), vol. iGoogle Scholar.

^{page 144 note 1} See Abhandlungen d. preussischen Akademie d. Wissenschaften, 1886, p. 3: ‘Was macht denn der treue Waitz?’ The words quoted by Wattenbach are also in Eberhard Waitz's memoir, 79.

^{page 145 note 1} 1861–1920. Memoir by Kehr, P. in N.A., xliv, 139Google Scholar ff.

^{page 145 note 2} 1876–1947. An exile from Nazi Germany, he was received as a guest professor at Durham University, and delivered the Ford Lectures at Oxford on the Anglo-Saxon Church in 1943.

^{page 146 note 1} His Handbuch d. Urkundenlehre was first published in 1889.

^{page 147 note 1} 1860–1944. Memoir by Holtzmann, W. in D.A., viii, 26Google Scholar ff. Kehr's great work as a scholar was to initiate and organize a complete collection, country by country, of papal documents. Among his collaborators Walther Holtz-mann, himself a Monumentist since 1946, has published three volumes of Papsturkunden in England.

^{page 148 note 1} Kehr wrote of Bresslau's, liberalism ( N.A., xlvii, 266Google Scholar): ‘Dass dies alles Doktorfragen seien und dass es vielmehr auf die Praxis, auf die Wirklichkeit und auf die Loyalität der leitenden Persönlichkeiten ankomme, wollte er wenigstens theoretisch nicht zugeben’. But would the loyalty of leading persons have saved Bresslau, the Jew, from crossing the Rhine again in the opposite direction had he lived ten years longer?

^{page 148 note 2} For an account of this see Kehr, P., ‘Die preussische Akademie und die M.G.H.’, in Sitzungsberichte der preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, phil-hist. Kl. 1935, 740 –77Google Scholar. The ‘Bericht iiber die Herausgabe der M.G.H.’ in 1934 is Ibid., 731. The statutes of 1935 are Ibid., and in D.A., i (1937), 276.

^{page 148 note 3} For this see D.A., viii ( 1950 ), 1 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 149 note 1} Ibid., 22 ff.