^{page 205 note 1} Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, N.S., vol. xviii. p. 245.Google Scholar

^{page 206 note 1} Edited by the late Francisque Michel for the Société de l'Histoire de France. A chronicle closely resembling this is printed in Recueil des Historiens des Gaules et de la France, tom, . xxiv. p. 750Google Scholar, with the title Chronique Française des rois de France par un anonyme de Béthune.

^{page 207 note 1} Ed. Coxe, , vol. iv. p. 67.Google Scholar

^{page 207 note 2} Vol. lx. p. 250.

^{page 208 note 1} Chronica Maiora, Rolls Series, vol. vi. p. 63. Gesta abbatum monasterii S. Albani (Rolls Series) vol. i. p. 328.Google Scholar

^{page 208 note 2} Chronica Majora, vi. p. 390.Google Scholar

^{page 208 note 3} Ibid. iii. p. 28.

^{page 208 note 4} Ibid. p. 3.

^{page 212 note 1} The bishop-elect of Ely was opposed to the king; but Fawkes de Bréauté seems to have had no difficulty in driving him away from his see. Calendar of Papal Letters, i. 49Google Scholar; Foedera, vol. i. part I, p. 155.Google Scholar

^{page 213 note 1} Annales Monastici, Wigornia, vol. iv. p. 410.Google Scholar

^{page 213 note 2} Publications of the Canterbury and York Society, vol. i. passim.Google Scholar

^{page 213 note 3} The young Earl Marshal only held the castle of Marlborough (Rot. Litt. Claus. i, 521)Google Scholar, but he was appointed warden of the Mint in England on February 21, 1218 (Pat. Rolls, p. 138).Google Scholar

^{page 214 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 177Google Scholar; Foedera, i. part I, p. 152.Google Scholar

^{page 214 note 2} Robert de Courtenay was ordered to deliver Eleanor to the Earl Marshal on February 5, 1224 (Pat. Rolls, p. 426).Google Scholar

^{page 214 note 3} Fawkes was engaged in litigation with the Earl Marshal about land in Kent, and Bedfordshire, (Curia Regis RollsGoogle Scholar, No. 72, Roll 10; No. 73, Roll. 7d; No. 75, Roll 1; Bracton's Note Book, ii. 89, case 102).Google Scholar

^{page 214 note 4} Foedera, vol. i. part 1, p. 146.Google Scholar

^{page 214 note 5} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 172.Google Scholar

^{page 215 note 1} Ed. Coxe, , vol. iv. p. 34.Google Scholar

^{page 216 note 1} Patent Rolls, printed text, p. 140.Google Scholar

^{page 216 note 2} Chroniea Maiora, vol. iii. p. 72.Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 1} Chronicle of London, 1089–1483, London, 1827.Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 2} L'histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal, line 15, 536.Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 3} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 532.Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 450.Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 5} Chronica Maiora, iii. 204.Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 6} Ibid. iii. 489.

^{page 218 note 1} Infra, p. 244.Google Scholar

^{page 221 note 1} Ed. Coxe, , vol. iv. p. 34.Google Scholar

^{page 222 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 95.Google Scholar

^{page 222 note 2} Ibid. p. 326.

^{page 222 note 3} Ibid. pp. 1, 4, 7, 15.

^{page 222 note 4} Ibid. p. 64.

^{page 222 note 5} Ibid. p. 315.

^{page 222 note 6} Annales Monastici (Dunstable), iii. pp. 54, 60Google Scholar; Patent Rolls, p. 190.Google Scholar

^{page 223 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 119.Google Scholar

^{page 223 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 339, 346, 361b, 389.Google Scholar

^{page 223 note 3} Ibid. p. 314 b.

^{page 223 note 4} Ibid. p. 340.

^{page 223 note 5} Ibid. p. 400 b.

^{page 223 note 6} Ibid. p. 407.

^{page 224 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 225.Google Scholar

^{page 224 note 2} Orders for its delivery were given on November 7, 1217, March 30, 1218, April 27, 1219, February 6, 1220(Patent Rolls, pp. 122, 146, 192, 225).Google Scholar Roger Bertram gave 1001. in November, 1217, for having seisin of his castle (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 342).Google Scholar

^{page 224 note 3} Ibid. p. 191.

^{page 224 note 4} Ibid. p. 249. Hugh of Bolebec had in the meantime been appointed sheriff of Northumberland by letters patent of June 18, 1220 (ibid. p. 236). Hugh never accounted, and a new sheriff was appointed on January 14, 1221 (ibid. p. 278).

^{page 224 note 5} Ibid. p. 246.

^{page 225 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 138Google Scholarb. See also Ibid. 122 b, 217.

^{page 225 note 2} Ibid. i. 310.

^{page 225 note 3} Ibid. i. 291 b.

^{page 225 note 4} Rot. Litt. Pat. 187.Google Scholar

^{page 225 note 5} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 291b.Google Scholar

^{page 225 note 6} Rot. Litt. Pat. 193b.Google Scholar

^{page 226 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 284b.Google Scholar

^{page 226 note 2} Ibid. i. 284.

^{page 226 note 3} Rot. Litt. Pat. 195b.Google Scholar

^{page 226 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 284.Google Scholar

^{page 227 note 1} Rot. Litt. Pat. 195.Google Scholar

^{page 227 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 290.Google Scholar

^{page 227 note 3} If, as is likely, he were of Flemish descent, he took his name from a small town a dozen kilometres S.W. of Arras, or from another small town at the same distance, W.S.W. of Béthune.

^{page 227 note 4} Testa de Neville, , 382b.Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 1} Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal, ni. 43, 56, 77.Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 2} Rot, Litt. Pat. 190.Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 3} Rot. Litt. Claus. 397.Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 4} Rot. Litt. Pat. 33.Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 5} Rotuli Normanniae, p. 105.Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 6} Rot. Litt. Pat. 43Google Scholarb. The unnamed prisoner was probably the nephew of the warden of Argentera (Rot. de Liberate regnante Iohanne, 69).Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 7} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 136, 198b.Google Scholar

^{page 228 note 8} Ibid. i. 389 b. It would seem that he received this iranor in August, 1204 (ibid. i. 6 b).

^{page 228 note 9} Ibid. i. 380.

^{page 228 note 10} Ibid. i. 397 b.

^{page 229 note 1} Rot. Litt. Pat. 100b.Google Scholar

^{page 229 note 2} Ibid. 151.

^{page 229 note 3} Ibid. 190.

^{page 229 note 4} Foedera, i., part i. 144.Google Scholar

^{page 229 note 5} Patent Rolls, p. 68.Google Scholar According to Roger of Wendover, William d'Aubigny was appointed warden of the castle of Sleaford on his release from prison on November 25, 1216 (Ed. Coxe, , vol. iv. p. 5).Google Scholar

^{page 230 note 1} Patent Rolls, 71.Google Scholar

^{page 230 note 2} Ibid. 81.

^{page 230 note 3} Ibid. 85.

^{page 231 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 121.Google Scholar

^{page 231 note 2} Ibid. p. 134.

^{page 232 note 1} It should be noticed that the bishop of Lincoln paid to the Earl Marshal one hundred marks for his own use in return for his aid in recovering the castle (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 602).Google Scholar

^{page 232 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 352Google Scholarb. This manor had once belonged to Fulk Painel. Ibid. 6, 7 b.

^{page 232 note 3} Ibid. i. 378.

^{page 232 note 4} Ibid. i. 365.

^{page 232 note 5} Ibid. i. 365 b.

^{page 233 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 366b.Google Scholar

^{page 233 note 2} Ed. Coxe, , vol. iv. p. 94.Google Scholar

^{page 233 note 3} Pat. Rolls, 164.Google Scholar

^{page 233 note 4} Ibid.

^{page 233 note 5} Annales Monastici, iii. 54.Google Scholar

^{page 233 note 6} Ed. Coxe, , vol. iv. p. 34.Google Scholar

^{page 233 note 7} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 389b.Google Scholar

^{page 233 note 8} Ibid. i. 397. Some idea of Robert de Gaugy's age may be formed from the fact that William his brother and heir lived till 48 Hen. III. William's heir was his sister's son, Richard Laundry. Calendar of Inquisitions, Hen. III. Nos. 576, 596.Google Scholar

^{page 234 note 1} Cokayne, G. E., Complete Peerage, i. 55, 56.Google Scholar

^{page 234 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 125.Google Scholar

^{page 234 note 3} She was alive on March 24, 1215, Ibid. i. 191 b.

^{page 234 note 4} Rot. Litt, Pat. 122Google Scholarb. Two days later he is called ‘comes’ (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 175b).Google Scholar

^{page 234 note 5} Rotuli Chartarum, 201b.Google Scholar

^{page 235 note 1} The king seems to have had a special regard for the countess. On June 15, 1216, the warden of the castle of Devizes was ordered to receive her and her boys, and to make for them a suitable chamber (Rot. Litt. Pat. 187b).Google Scholar Matthew Pari describes her as ‘mulier admirabilis pulchritudinis’ (Chronica Maiora, iii. 624).Google Scholar We may suspect a scandal. Henry III. was in this castle when his father died (l'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal, iii. 213).Google Scholar

^{page 235 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 230Google Scholarb. These manors were afterwards given to de Bréauté, Fawkes (Rot. Litt. Pat. 199b).Google Scholar

^{page 235 note 3} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 246b.Google Scholar

^{page 236 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. 255b.Google Scholar

^{page 236 note 2} Ed. Coxe, , iii. 353.Google Scholar

^{page 236 note 3} Too much stress should not be laid on this. The Earl Marshal had himself given hostages to John in 1214 (Rot. Litt. Pat. 123).Google Scholar

^{page 236 note 4} Patent Rolls, 13.Google Scholar

^{page 236 note 5} He is first described as constable of Sauvey in letters close of January 26, 1216 (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 245b)Google Scholar; and was still so described in other letters of April 6, 1216 (ibid. i. 259); notwithstanding the fact that he was directed to deliver the castle to William Aindre on February 26, 1216 (Rot. Litt. Pat. 167)Google Scholar, Geoffrey was probably the underwarden only.

^{page 237 note 1} This was certainly the case at a later date; but the count seems to have held part only of the Northamptonshire forest with the castle of Rockingham. Of this part Hugh de Neville had been appointed warden by John, (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 393, 423)Google Scholar, but probably under a chief warden of the forests between the two bridges.

^{page 237 note 2} Patent Rolls, 136.Google Scholar

^{page 237 note 3} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 352.Google Scholar

^{page 238 note 1} Patent Rolls, 194.Google Scholar

^{page 238 note 2} Ibid. n 6.

^{page 238 note 3} Ibid. 174. A tournament which was to have been held at Staines on July 24, 1219, was also prohibited, Ibid. 198.

^{page 239 note 1} Patent Rolls, 257Google Scholar; Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 434.Google Scholar

^{page 239 note 2} Ibid. i. 416 b.

^{page 240 note 1} Annales Monastici, iii. 57.Google Scholar

^{page 240 note 2} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 117.Google Scholar

^{page 240 note 3} Patent Rolls, 235Google Scholar; Fædera, i. part i. p. 160.Google Scholar

^{page 240 note 4} These facts are taken from the attestations of letters patent and close.

^{page 241 note 1} Patent Rolls, 238.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 2} Ibid. 239.

^{page 241 note 3} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 439b.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 4} Patent Rolls, 240.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 5} Ibid. 239.

^{page 241 note 6} Ibid. 240; Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 496.Google Scholar

^{page 242 note 1} Ed. Coxe, , vol. iv. 36.Google Scholar

^{page 242 note 2} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 535Google Scholar; Potthast, , RegestaGoogle Scholar, No. 26,057.

^{page 242 note 3} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 121Google Scholar; Foedera, i. part i. p. 160Google Scholar; Potthast, , RegestaGoogle Scholar, No. 6,259.

^{page 243 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 299b.Google Scholar

^{page 243 note 2} Patent Rolls, printed text, p. 55.Google Scholar

^{page 243 note 3} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 305b.Google Scholar

^{page 243 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 354b.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 1} G. E. C., Complete Peerage, iv. 284.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 397.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 3} Ibid.

^{page 244 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 406b.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 5} They were the manors of Nassington, Yarwell, Alconbury, and Braunton. They were probably no part of the honour of Huntingdon, and were held directly of the King of England (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 443b).Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 236.Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 429b.Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 3} Patent Rolls, printed text, 257. At this time Hubert was in the north with the king, infra, p. 250.Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 4} Ibid. p. 272.

^{page 246 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 285.Google Scholar The custody of the manors of Alconbury, Braunton, Nassington and Yarwell had been granted to the Earl of Chester on Dec. 12, 1220 (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 443b).Google Scholar

^{page 246 note 2} Annales Monastici, iii. 68.Google Scholar

^{page 246 note 3} Patent Rolls, p. 287.Google Scholar

^{page 246 note 4} Ibid. p. 426.

^{page 246 note 5} Ibid. p. 281; Annales Monastici, iii. 65.Google Scholar

^{page 247 note 1} Paient Rolls, p. 306.Google Scholar

^{page 247 note 2} Ibid. p. 419.

^{page 247 note 3} Ibid. p. 293.

^{page 247 note 4} Ibid. p. 299.

^{page 247 note 5} Ibid. p. 119.

^{page 248 note 1} Rot. Hund. i. 260b.Google Scholar

^{page 248 note 2} Annales Monastici, iii. 64.Google Scholar

^{page 248 note 3} Memoriale, ii. 247Google Scholar; Wendover, (Ed. Coxe), iv. 66.Google Scholar

^{page 248 note 4} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 129.Google Scholar

^{page 249 note 1} Foedera, vol. i. part i. p. 162.Google Scholar

^{page 249 note 2} Patent Rolls, p. 249.Google Scholar

^{page 249 note 3} Ibid. p. 275.

^{page 249 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 438.Google Scholar

^{page 249 note 5} A new sheriff of Northumberland and a warden of Newcastle-on-Tyne were appointed on the same day. Patent Rolls, p. 278.Google Scholar

^{page 249 note 6} Supra, p. 240.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 439.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 2} Patent Rolls, p. 247.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 3} Chronica de Mailros (Publications of Bannatyne Club), p. 121.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 4} Ibid. p. 122.

^{page 251 note 1} Ed. Coxe, , iv. 66.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 423b.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 3} Annales Monastici, iii. 63.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 312b.Google Scholar There was a castle here which John ordered to be razed. Ibid. p. 383 b. Patent Rolls, p. 182.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 1} Patent Rolls, p, 283.Google Scholar He was also appealed of robbery and breach of the peace (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 474b).Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 2} Memoriale (Rolls Series), ii. 247.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 3} Supra, p. 242.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 1} Supra, p. 244.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 2} Patent Rolls, p. 278.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 3} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 446.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 4} The date is doubtful. The Dunstable Annals give January 25, which is too late (Ann. Mon. iii. 63).Google Scholar The Memoriale gives after the octave of the Epiphany, (ii. 248).Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 5} Annales Monastici, iii. 63, 64.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 6} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 167.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 7} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 447.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 465Google Scholarb; Patent Rolls, p. 284.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 2} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 171.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 3} The castle, which was found empty, was delivered to de Bréauté, Fawkes (Annales Monastici, iii. 64).Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 448b.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 5} Ibid. i. 474 b.

^{page 254 note 6} In the following May William was ordered to leave England before May 20, 1221 (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 457b, 475 b).Google Scholar He was afterwards allowed to return (ibid. p. 568 b).

^{page 254 note 7} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 171.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 8} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 446.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 1} In the following March Hubert went to Hamburgh, accompanied by Briton, the cross-bowman, a soldier of distinction, and eighteen fellows. Part of their expenses was included in the writ of computate mentioned above (ibid. p. 454 b).

^{page 255 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 453.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 3} Memoriale, ii. 249.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 4} Annales Monastici, iii. 64.Google Scholar The date of the surrender is doubtful. Roger of Wendover says it was on February 8. This would be after a two days' siege. The records show that Hubert arrived at Bytham on February 6.

^{page 255 note 5} Annales Monastici, iii. 64.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 6} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 456.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 7} Ibid. i. 451.

^{page 256 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 455.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 2} Patent Rolls, p. 284.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 3} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 458b.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 4} Ibid. p. 462 b.

^{page 256 note 5} Patent Rolls, p. 300.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 6} Ed. Coxe, , iv. 68.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 7} See article by MrTout, T. F. in Dictionary of National Biography (lxi. 369).Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 1} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 451.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 2} Patent Rolls, p. 284.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 3} Memoriale, ii. 259.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 4} Patent Rolls, p. 321.Google Scholar

^{page 258 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 325.Google Scholar

^{page 258 note 2} Ibid. p. 320.

^{page 258 note 3} Annales Monastici, iii. 75.Google Scholar

^{page 258 note 4} Ibid. iii. 68.

^{page 258 note 5} Memoriale, ii. 251.Google Scholar

^{page 258 note 6} Patent Rolls, p. 321Google Scholar; Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 481b.Google Scholar

^{page 258 note 7} Patent Rolls, pp. 303, 313.Google Scholar

^{page 259 note 1} Patent Rolls, p. 286.Google Scholar

^{page 259 note 2} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 465b.Google Scholar

^{page 259 note 3} Annales Monastici, iii. 75.Google Scholar The Dunstable Annals also say that Pierre and Hugh, Bishop of Hereford left England, but it was unknown to many whither they went; some said to Santiago, others to Rome. Ibid. p. 68.

^{page 259 note 4} Ibid. ii. 84.

^{page 259 note 5} Ibid. ii. 295.

^{page 259 note 6} Pressutti, , Regesta, i. 537, No. 3297.Google Scholar

^{page 259 note 7} Shirley, , Royal Letters, i. 174.Google Scholar

^{page 259 note 8} Pressutti, , Regesta, i. 538.Google Scholar These letters are wrongly dated by Rymer as of the year 1222 (Foedera, vol. i. part i. p. 167).Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 1} Flores Historiarum (Rolls Series), ii. 172, 173. He is last mentioned as legate on the chancery rolls on July 20 (Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 464).Google Scholar

^{page 261 note 1} Transactions, xviii. 281.Google Scholar

^{page 261 note 2} Ibid. p. 266.

^{page 262 note 1} Pressutti, , Regesta, i. 540, No. 3313.Google Scholar

^{page 262 note 2} Patent Rolls, p. 293.Google Scholar

^{page 262 note 3} Memoriale, ii. 260.Google Scholar

^{page 262 note 4} Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 465b.Google Scholar