The Science of Sociology is of comparatively recent origin, but its growth and evolution within the last few years have been remarkable, and in no branch of its efforts has this development been more marked than in that of “Social Insurances.” There have now been held no fewer than nine International Congresses dealing with this subject, productive of numerous papers and many voluminous reports. Economists and statesmen of all leading nations have been giving it their earnest attention for some years past, and in many countries the question has passed from the realm of theory into that of practical politics. Broadly viewed, the term “Social Insurance” may be taken to apply to all classes of insurance against contingencies to which the body politic is exposed; in a stricter sense it is now used to denote the insurance of the working classes against sickness, accident, invalidity, old age, unemployment, and kindred contingencies. With only one aspect of the problem have I ventured to deal in this paper—Insurance against Unemployment.