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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 August 2017
Since our last report in these pages we have witnessed another successful International Patristic Conference at Oxford in September, 1963; the publication of the papers is earnestly awaited at this writing. Also, since the last bibliographical survey, we have observed two sessions of Vatican Council II, which boasts the largest attendance in the history of ecumenical councils, and perhaps the longest list of schemata or agenda. Here, among the innumerable questions which touched on the aggiornamento of the Church, so dear to the heart of the late Pope John XXIII, who first broached the subject of a council as early as 1959, there have been long discussions about the modernization and adaptation of the liturgy, and the clarification of the relationship between the various sources of Christian belief, that is, the Fathers, Scripture, and tradition, with a special eye to the modern communication of the Church's message. Both of these schemata should be of unparalleled interest to all scholars who concern themselves with the problems of the Christian tradition, and the completion of both of these doctrinal sections is eagerly awaited. Other problems of importance will of course be the relation of the Catholic to the non-Catholic groups, the role of the laity in the Church, the power of the bishops vis-à-vis the Roman Curia, the function of religious orders and congregations, and many more. The present Vatican Council is the twenty-first in a series which began with a small group of bishops who met for a few months in the year 325 under the emperor Constantine at the tiny Asiatic town of Nicaea. Of these twenty councils, however, some non-Catholic groups recognize merely the first four, Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus, and Chalcedon; whereas the Separated Eastern churches accept the first seven, that is, down to the second Council which met at Nicaea in 787. Actually, in the present administration of the Church, ecumenical councils are not strictly necessary; but a council, once invoked, becomes a testimony of faith and unity, and from this point of view, the determination of doctrine and discipline is sometimes secondary. Yet it is true to say that from the doctrinal point of view, the two most controversial councils were the two most recent ones, the nineteenth, the Council of Trent (1545-63), and the twentieth, Vatican Council I (1869-70). Without entering into controversy, I think it may be said that these two Councils set patristic scholars of different beliefs farther apart. In any case, the period between Trent and Vatican saw the rise of different schools of patristic scholarship, each attempting to find textual evidence for their own point of view. But, curiously enough, with the rise of the great schools of research in England, France, Germany, Holland and Belgium, the Scandinavian countries, and America, and with the insistence on well-grounded textual studies, the gap between the patristic scholars of different schools of thought has noticeably narrowed. This has been demonstrated not only by the publication of common research projects, but also by the success of such conferences as the International Patristic Conference at Oxford occurring every four years, with the results appearing in Texte und Untersuchungen. It is also shown, I think, in the vast bibliographical project Bibliographia Patristica (Berlin: de Gruyter) under the editorship of W Schneemelcher with the collaboration of an international group of scholars, and now in its fifth volume (publications for 1960-1962). This has been no small achievement. It is therefore all the more profoundly to be hoped that the original pastoral theme enunciated for the Vatican Council by Pope John XXIII in 1959 will remain dominant to the end, promoting a familial atmosphere among all men of good will, and (with special regard for our interests) encouraging a universality among all patristic scholars without prejudice to the quality of their own individual research.
1 Traditio 18 (1962) 423–36. Much of the research reflected in the present paper wasmade possible by a grant from the Chauncey Stillman Foundation.Google Scholar
2 For a survey of the work of the First Vatican Council, see Hennesey, James J., The First Council of the Vatican: The American Experience (with an Introduction by Ellis, John Tracy Msgr., New York: Herder 1963). For an historical survey up to the present, see McNally, Robert E., Reform of the Church: Crisis and Criticism in Historical Perspective (New York: Herder 1963). On Ecumenism and the Council, see also Haring, Bernard, Konzil im Zeichen der Einheit (Freiburg: Herder 1963).Google Scholar
3 Fascicle 1 (Oxford: Clarendon 1961). Add now, Fasc. 3 (εὐσυναλλάϰτως-µετεωϱίζω) 1964.Google Scholar
4 Cf. the criticism of Harl, Marguerite, Origène et la fonction révélatrice du Verbe incarné (Paris 1958) 44.Google Scholar
5 Springhetti, Aemilius, Latinitas perennis VI. Lexicon linguisticae et philologiae (Rome: Gregorian University 1962). Volumes IV (Lingua latina Medii Aevi) and V (Selecta latinitatis scripta Medii Aevi) are forthcoming.Google Scholar
6 Graecitas christianorum primaeva: Studia ad sermonem graecum pertinentia edenda curant C. Mohrmann et J. G. A. Ros, S.J. Fasciculus 1; Nijmegen: Dekker and Van de Vegt 1962. The monograph is published in English in a competent version by Mrs. Foran Hedlund.Google Scholar
7 Publications de la faculté des lettres et sciences humaines d'Alger XLI; (Paris: Presses Universitaires 1962).Google Scholar
8 Bibliothèque de Photius (3 vols., Collection byzantine, Paris: Belles Lettres 1959-1961).Google Scholar
9 Introduction à l'étude de Grégoire Palamas (Patristica Sorbonensia 3: Paris: du Seuil 1959). Cf. also his S. Grégoire Palamas et la mystique orthodoxe (Paris 1959). Among recent popular books on the rise of the Eastern churches, one of the best written is Ware, Timothy, The Orthodox Church (Penguin Books, Baltimore 1963) especially 19-81.Google Scholar
10 Défense des saints hésychastes (2 vols. Spicilegium sacrum Lovaniense: Louvain 1959).Google Scholar
11 Flavius Josèphe, Adapteur de la Lettre d'Aristée: Une réaction atticisante contre la koiné (Paris: Klincksieck 1962).Google Scholar
12 Hermas et les Pasteurs: Les trois auteurs du Pasteur d'Hermas (Paris: Presses Universitaires 1963). In the light of the textual work of Molly Whittaker in her edition of Hermas for GCS (1956), there was no need for Giet to enter into the problem of the manuscripts, versions, and papyrus fragments once again (47 ff.). Valuable, however, is the list of Coptic fragments of Hermas (56-9), which have, however, been gathered by Lefort, L.-Th., Les Pères apostoliques en copte (Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium 17-18, Louvain 1952) 135-6.Google Scholar
13 Sancti Romani Melodi Cantica: Cantica genuina (Oxford: Clarendon 1963).Google Scholar
14 The Tradition of Manuscripts: A Study in the Transmission of St. Cyprian's Treatises (Oxford; Clarendon 1961).Google Scholar
15 Recherches sur la tradition grecque des Apophthegmata Patrum (Subsidia hagiographica 36, Brussels: Société des Bollandistes 1962). I have not seen no. 34 of this excellent hagiographical series, Festugière, A.-J., Historia monachorum in Aegypto (1961), comprising a critical edition of the Greek text.Google Scholar
16 L'homélie de Basile de Césarée sur le mot ‘Observe-toi toi-même’: Édition critique du texte grec et étude sur la tradition manuscrite (Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis: Studia Graeca Stockholmiensia II. Stockholm: Almquist and Wiksell 1962). The preliminary work on the manuscripts appeared in Rudberg's doctoral dissertation, Études sur la tradition manuscrite de saint Basile (Upsala 1953), followed by the essay of E. Amand in RH 49 (1954) 507-521, and the articles of J. Gribomont in Muséon 67 (1954) 51-69, and Scriptorium 8 (1954) 298-304.Google Scholar
17 Gregorii Nysseni Opera Vol. V: In Inscriptiones psalmorum, In sextum psalmum, In Ecclesiasten homiliae (Leiden: Brill 1962). At the present writing, Dr. Langerbeek, who did not long survive his colleague, has been succeded by H. Dörries. The last volume on which Langerbeck worked was the De vita Moysis (Leiden 1964) edited by the present writer.Google Scholar
18 Guillou, A., Les Actes grecs de S. Maria di Messina (Istituto Siciliano di studi bizantini e neoellenici: Testi e Monumenti 9, Palermo 1963), with a folio-size album, Cartes et planches (1963); for the Latin documents, see the following volume in the series, Ménager, L.-R., Les Actes latins de S. Maria di Messina (1103-1250) (Testi 9, Palermo 1963).Google Scholar
19 Gnosticism: A Sourcebook of Heretical Writings from the Early Christian Period (New York: Harper 1961).Google Scholar
20 Zoe: Wesen, Stufen und Mitteilung des wahren Lebens bei Origines (Munich: Hueber 1962). For a general discussion of problems connected with the modern revisionist theories of Origen's work, see my article, ‘The Recent Revival of Origen Studies,’ Theological Studies 24 (1963) 250-263.Google Scholar
21 Collection Théologie 52 (Paris: Aubier 1962). For a fuller discussion of this book, see ‘The Recent Revival,’ 255–7.Google Scholar
22 Collection Théologie 34 (Paris: Aubier 1956).Google Scholar
23 Collection Museum Lessianum, section théologique 56 (Paris: Desclée 1961).Google Scholar
24 Zu den Jugendschriften des Johannes Chrysostomos: Untersuchungen zum Klassizismus des vierten Jahrhunderts (Lund: Gleerup 1962).Google Scholar
25 Ausserhalb der Kirche kein Heil? Eine dogmengeschichtliche Untersuchung über Kirche und Kirchenzugehörigkeit bei Johannes Chrysostomus (Munich: Hueber 1963). A good bibliography of Chrysostom studies, ix–xi.Google Scholar
26 Manhood and Christ: A Study in the Christology of Theodore of Mopsuestia (Oxford: Clarendon 1963). There is a complete bibliography, 263-9, with a discussion of recent interpretations of Theodore in Appendix II, 246-262.Google Scholar
27 Eusebius of Caesarea (London: Mowbray 1960; repr. Westminster, Md.: Canterbury Press 1961).Google Scholar
28 Heidnische Geschichtsapologetik in der christlichen Spätantike: Untersuchungen über Zeit und Tendenz der Historia Augusta (Antiquitas Reihe 4: Beiträge zur Historia-Augusta-Forschung unter Mitwirkung von Johannes Straub herausgegeben von Andreas Alföldi. Band I. Bonn: Habelt 1963).Google Scholar
29 Rev. and expanded edition (Philadelphia: Westminster Press 1962); the abridged edition at the same publishers (Philadelphia 1960). Among the more recent American archaeological publications of biblical sites should be mentioned Pritchard, James B., Gibeon, Where the Sun Stood Still: The Discovery of the Biblical City (Princeton 1962). Pritchard, who was director of the expedition to Gibeon, has also published the invaluable guide, Archaeology and the Old Testament (Princeton 1958).Google Scholar
30 Rahner, Hugo S. J., Greek Myths and Christian Mystery (New York: Harper and Row; London: Burns and Oates, 1963).Google Scholar