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³ Ibid. 1.Google Scholar

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⁵ Ernst Robert Curtius, Europäische Literatur und lateinisches Mittelalter (Bern and Munich 1963), esp. 71–89 and 89–115. Google Scholar

⁶ Szövérffy, J. ‘Klassische Anspielungen und antike Elemente in mittelalterlichen Hymnen,’ Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 44 (1962) 148–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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⁸ Leclercq, H., ‘Croix (Signe de la),’ DACL 3.2. [1914] 3139–3144; Sauer, J. ‘Kreuz, II. Christl. Kreuzesformen, LThK² 6 (1961) 606–607. A very substantial contribution has been made to the study of the Holy Cross traditions by the publication of a dissertation under the direction of Professor Dr. Chr. Mohrmann, A. E. M.: Reijners, G. Q., The Terminology of the Holy Cross in Early Christian Literature as based upon Old Testament Typology (Nijmegen and Utrecht 1965), with a most valuable survey of the material and with an extensive bibliography (xII-XVII). Many features in the style of our hymns can be seen in new light as a result of this broadly based investigation, which uses both Greek sources and Latin.Google Scholar

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¹⁰ This literature is very extensive; a few items here to be referred to are: Meyer, W., ‘Die Geschichte des Kreuzholzes vor Christus’ Abh. Akad. Munich 16 (1882) 103–160; August Wünsche, Die Sagen vom Lebensbaum und Lebenswasser (Leipzig 1905); Straubinger, J. Die Kreuzauffindungslegende (Paderborn 1912); Jacoby, A., ‘Kreuzbaum, Kreuzholz,’ Handwörterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens, 5 (1933) 487–499; Esther Casier Quinn, The Quest of Seth (Chicago 1962), with a good but not complete bibliography. Also: Moshé Lazar, ‘La légende de l'arbre de Paradis’, Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 76 (1960) 34–63.Google Scholar

¹¹ Leclercq, H., ‘Croix (Invention et exaltation de la vraie),’ DACL 3.2.3131–3139; Charles Coebergh, O.S.B., ‘Le sacramentaire gélasien ancien une compilation de clercs romanisants du VII^e siècle,’ Archiv für Liturgiewissenschaft 7 (1962) 45–88; G. Römer, ‘Die Liturgie des Karfreitags,’ Zeitschrift für katholische Theologie 77 (1955) 39–93, esp. 81ff; G. Römer, ‘Kreuz, IV-V,’ LThK² 6.609–610.Google Scholar

¹² See: Handwörterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens 10 (1942) s. v. ‘Kreuz,’ etc.; Romuald Bauerreiss, O.S.B., Arbor vitae : Der ‘Lebensbaum’ und seine Verwendung in Liturgie, Kunst und Brauchtum des Abendlandes (Abh. der Bayer. Benedikt. Akademie 3; 1938). Google Scholar

¹³ See the works of Meyer, W. and Quinn cited supra (n. 10). Quinn's statement that the Cross legend is ‘unique’ in this respect is based on a misunderstanding and misinterpretation of medieval legends. See p. 136.Google Scholar

¹⁴ See de Aldama, J. A. S.J., ‘ Adam typus futuri,’ Sacris erudiri 13 (1962) 266–280.Google Scholar

¹⁵ Jacobi a Voragine Legenda Aurea, ed. Graesse, Th. (Dresden and Leipzig 1846) 303–305,’ Papebroch, D., in AS, Mai 1 (Paris-Rome 1866) 365–70.Google Scholar

¹⁶ The Apocryphal New Testament ed. James, M. R. (Oxford 1926) 94–146.Google Scholar

¹⁷ Quoted by Jacoby, Handwörterbuch (cit. supra n. 10) 5. 489; text in Cyprianus, Opera, ed. Hartel, W., Hartel 3.3.305–308. Attributed to a Victorinus Poeta (saec. v?) in E, Dekkers, Clavis patrum latinorum (2nd ed. Sacris Erudiri 5 [1961]) no. 1458.Google Scholar

¹⁸ Leclercq, in DACL 3.2.3132, 3138. Google Scholar

¹⁹ Ibid. 3.2.3138.Google Scholar

²⁰ Ibid. 3.2.3137; also 3.2.3131.Google Scholar

²¹ See above no. 11 and Michael Tarchnišvili, ‘Die Missa praesanctificatorum und ihre Feier am Karfreitag nach georgischen Quellen,’ Archiv für Liturgiewissenschaft 2 (1952) 75–80.Google Scholar

²² See PL 221, Index 234, s. v. Crux (col. 911–912), which seems to be utterly incomplete. Google Scholar

²³ Gaston Laurion, ‘Essai de groupement des hymnes médiévales à la Croix,’ Cahiers de civilisation médiévale 6 (1963) 327–331. I here would thank Prof. Laurion for copying the texts of many of the hymns.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

²⁴ I propose the following changes to Laurion's distribution: Google Scholar

VIIth / VIIIth century. Spain: 1.

Xth / XIth century. France: 27.

XIth century: Eliminate nos. 105, 2 and 27, also nos. 1 and 128.

XIth / XIIth century. No. 2

XIIth century. Add to Germany no. 111; eliminate no. 113 (England), 111 (Italy); add to Italy no. 128.

XIIIth century. Add to Germany nos. 100 and 105; add to France the sequences from the Ste. Chapelle collection (see below, p. 34); eliminate nos. 99, 100 (France) and add no. 99 to England.

XIIIth / XIVth century. Add to England no. 113, to France no. 4; drop no. 4 from the category ‘indéterminé.’

XVth century. Add no. 74 to France and drop the same from the group in Italy.

²⁵ Szövérffy, , Annalen I 130; cf. Raby, F. J. E., A History of Christian Latin Poetry (Oxford 1953) 96 (according to whom these verses were often inscribed on medieval crosses) and Dekkers, Clavis patrum latinorum no. 1517.Google Scholar

²⁶ Bulst, Walther, Hymni latini antiquissimi LXXV—Psalmi III (Heidelberg 1956) 33f.; Szövérffy Annalen I 71f.Google Scholar

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³⁵ Bulst 10 (cf. 18); Raby, Christian-Latin 33. Google Scholar

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³⁷ Raby, , Christian-Latin 90; Bulst 17; Cl. Blume, Unsere liturgischen Lieder (Regensburg 1932) 190.Google Scholar

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^41a We note that Peebles sees affinities between the way the Tree of Life is presented in the ‘Pange Lingua’ and in the preface of the Cross used in Masses of Passiontide: ‘How closely this thought is paralleled in the Preface of the Cross used in Masses of Passiontide: “Because, on the wood of the Cross, thou gavest mankind salvation; that so, whence death arose, life might also rise again: and that the foe, who by a tree had conquered, by a tree also might be overcome …” The verbal resemblances indeed are in the Latin very close and it may well be that it was from Fortunatus that the Missal derives this eloquent passage’ (op. cit. supra n. 34) 163. Google Scholar

⁴² Leclercq, Jean, L'Idée de la royauté du Christ au moyen âge (Paris 1959).Google Scholar

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⁴⁶ Raby, , Christian Latin 92 n. 1; Strecker, K., in Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum/Anzeiger 51 (1909) 45. Peebles makes several references to the question of melodies associated with ‘Vexilla regis’ and ‘Pange lingua’ (cit. supra n. 34) 161 and 164; this present study avoids this issue since no full-scale investigation has been made of these questions, which, in any case demand an approach entirely different from that employed here. References should be made however to the following sources: Bruno Stäblein, ‘Zur Geschichte der choralen Pange-lingua-Melodie,’ in Der kultische Gesang der abendländischen Kirche, Dominicus Johner Festschrift, (Köln 1950) 72–75; Br. Stäblein (ed.), Monumenta monodica medii aevi I: Hymnen (I) (Kassel and Basel 1956) passim; see index s.v. ‘Pange lingua,’ ‘Vexilla regis,’ and ‘Crux fidelis’; some other hymns whose melodies are also printed are ‘Salve, crux sancta, salve mundi’ and also ‘Crux benedicta nitet,’ also listed in the index.Google Scholar

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⁵² Baumstark, A., ‘Der Orient und die Gesänge der Adoratio crucis,’ Jahrbuch für Liturgiewissenschaft 2 (1922) 1–17.Google Scholar

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^60a Raban's Figurengedichte form a cycle which has no hymnic character in spite of its obviously panegyrical tone. It belongs to a literary genre that compares more to tractates and didactic poetry than to hymn traditions. Alcuin's hymn, on the other hand, stands on the border-line of hymnody and its prevalent tone is hymnlike. Google Scholar

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⁷⁵ Szövérffy, , Annalen I 353ff.Google Scholar

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⁹⁷ Ibid., 243 (3) The passage in question belongs to a sermon of Caesarius (Aug. App. 249) which was reedited in Morin's collection: CCL 103.250–254 with a newly established text.Google Scholar

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