^* I wish to express my gratitude to the Institute of International Education, New York, for the award of a fellowship permitting me to conduct research in the Spanish archives during the academic year 1955–1956. The present paper is, in part, the outcome of my work in that period. For a more extensive treatment of the Order of Calatrava and its relation with Morimond, I refer the reader to my article ‘The Affiliation of the Order of Calatrava with the Order of Ctteaux,’ to be published in Analecla Sacri Ordinis Cislerciensis, in 1959. Google Scholar

¹ See Diffiniciones de la órden y cavallería de Calatrava (Madrid 1576); later editions were published at Madrid in 1603 and 1661. For general information see Francisco Rades y Andrada, Chrónica de las tres órdenes y cavallerías de Sanctiago, Calatrava y Alcántara (Toledo 1572) and Francis Gutton, L'Ordre de Calatrava (Paris 1955). Google Scholar

² Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, De rebus Hispaniae 7. 14, 27 (in Hispania Illustrata, ed. Schott, A., 2 [Frankfort 1603–1609] 118–125).Google Scholar

³ Bullarium ordinis militiae de Calatrava (Madrid 1761) 2; this is a letter of the Cistercian general chapter approving the Order. Pope Alexander Ill's bull of confirmation, September 25, 1164, is given in PL 200.310–2 (JL 11064).Google Scholar

⁴ Bullarium 3-4, 21–25 and in PL 217.283–286. TraditioGoogle Scholar

⁶ See Canivez, J. M. (ed.), Statuta capitulorum generalium ordinis Cisterciensis (8 vols. Louvain 1933–1941).Google Scholar

⁶ Seventeenth-century copies of the statutes of 1304, 1307, 1325, 1336, 1338, 1383, 1383, 1418, 1433, 1433, 1452 are preserved in the Registro de escrituras de la Orden de Calatrava (9 vols., Madrid, Archivo Histórico Nacional, Sección de Ordenes Militares [abbr. AHN Ord. Mil.], Sign. 1341C-1349C). The texts of 1397, 1407, 1408, 1444 can be reconstructed from the excerpts given in Diffiniciones del Rdo Don Fray Guillermo Abad de Morimundo, AHN Ord. Mil., Sign. 1270C. Google Scholar

⁷ Crónica de Don Juan II, Año 36, cap. 8, 10; Año 37, cap. 2–3 (in Biblioteca de Autores Españoles [abbr. BAE] 68.610–612). ‘Difiniciones’ of the Order of CalatravaGoogle Scholar

⁸ AHN Ord. Mil. Documentos particulares de Calatrava 322–323; Documentos eclesiásticos 128. Google Scholar

⁹ Crónica de Don Juan II, Año 39, cap. 19–20; Año 40, cap. 5 (BAE 68. 636–644). See the interesting study of Girón by Francisco de Uhagón, Discursos leídos ante la Real Académia de la História (Madrid 1898).Google Scholar

¹⁰ AHN Ord. Mil. Documentos particulares 331–332. Google Scholar

¹¹ AHN Ord. Mil. Documentos particulares 340. Google Scholar

¹² Crónica de Don Enrique IV, cap. 85 (BAE 70.154) and Mosén Diego de Valera, Memorial de diversas hazañas, cap. 36 (BAE 70.39–40).Google Scholar

¹³ AHN Ord. Mil. Documentes eclesiásticos 134, 142. Google Scholar

¹⁴ Crónica de Don Enrique IV, cap. 86 (BAE 70.154–5) and AHN Ord. Mil. Documentes particulares 355.Google Scholar

¹⁵ William declared that the Order should be administered by four comendadores chosen annually by the knights until Don Rodrigo reached the age of twenty (infra cap. 63 [fol. eIV^v]), but Pope Paul II named the Marquess of Villena, Don Rodrigo's uncle, as coadjutor during the minority (Bullarium 266–270); Villena was the real governor of the Order until his death six years later. Google Scholar

¹⁶ Registro de Escrituras de la Orden de Calatrava 8 (AHN Ord. Mil. Sign. 1348C) 97–113^v.Google Scholar

¹⁷ These statutes are found in the following manuscripts: Libro de visitas generales de la Orden de Montesa, AHN Ord. Mil., Sign. 877C, fols. 1–3 (text in Catalan), 3–6 (text in Latin) — these two copies date from the fifteenth century; Libro de las visitas, capitulos generales, bullas apostolicas y otras cosas tocantes a la Orden de Montesa (1633), Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional, Sign. 845-D-133, fols. 43–47^v; and Visitas de la Orden de Calatrava en Montesa, Madrid, Real Académia de la Historia, Sign. 12–4-2-I-5. Google Scholar

¹⁸ Julián Zarco Cuevas, Catálogo de los manuscritos castellanos de la Real Biblioteca de El Escorial (Madrid 1924) II 338–339; Vicente Castañeda y Alcover, ‘Indice sumario de los manuscritos castellanos de genealogia, heráldica y órdenes militares que se custodian en la Real Biblioteca de San Lorenzo de El Escorial,’ Boletín de la Real Académia de la História 70 (1917) 359. Google Scholar

¹ The principal officers of the Order were the master; the comendador mayor, lieutenantgeneral of the master in Castile; the clavero, or castellan of Calatrava; the obrero, in charge fo general maintenance, construction and repairs; the sacristan, and the prior. The prior was a monk of Morimond appointed by his abbot. Other ranks included the comendadores, i. e., those holding encomiendas; the priors delegated by the prior of Calatrava to serve in the encomiendas; the knights and the chaplains serving in the convent of Calatrava. Google Scholar

² Text reads quod ut. Google Scholar

³ Text reads rationabiliter … moventibus. Google Scholar

⁴ Matthew 21.13. Google Scholar

⁵ Text reads conversatione; BDE: conservaçion. Google Scholar

⁶ Maravedis (Sp.), Castilian coins, greatly debased during the reign of Enrique IV (1454–1474).Google Scholar

⁷ 1 Corinthians 9.13. Google Scholar

⁸ Cahiz (Sp.), a nominal measure of about twelve bushels.Google Scholar

⁹ Arrova or Arroba (Sp.), a variable liquid measure.Google Scholar

¹⁰ Vino lymphato, wine mixed with water.Google Scholar

¹¹ Huius is repeated.Google Scholar

¹² In 1462 the florin was valued at 103 maravedis. Google Scholar

¹³ Ecclesiasticus 19.27. Google Scholar

¹⁴ B: pavonado claro; DE: paño azul, bright blue. Google Scholar

¹⁵ Text reads intelleximos. Google Scholar

¹⁶ Aristotle, , Nicomachean Ethics 4.8.3 (cf. 2.7.13): εὐτϱαπελία; B : utropelia; D : eutropelia; E : entropelia. Google Scholar

¹⁷ Text reads puniatur. Google Scholar

¹⁸ Text reads illas. Google Scholar

¹⁹ Retama (Sp.), furze.Google Scholar

²⁰ 1 Corinthians 9.7. Google Scholar

²¹ Lancea, lanza (Sp.), a lancer, or soldier armed with a lance.Google Scholar

²² Text reads voto; B: de nuevo; DE: nuevamente. ²³ Text reads eligant. Google Scholar

²⁴ Text reads concedatur … inhibeatur. Google Scholar

²⁵ Text reads inhibeatur. Google Scholar

²⁶ Ephesians 4.28. Google Scholar

²⁷ Text reads compleverit. Google Scholar

²⁸ Text reads hac. Google Scholar

²⁹ Gaudere is repeated. Google Scholar

³⁰ Text reads poterit. Google Scholar

³¹ Text reads generales. Google Scholar

³² B: los captiven et a la servidumbre de la orden sean bueltos; DE: los cativen e tornen a la servidumbre de la orden, Google Scholar

³³ Text reads diem. Google Scholar

³⁴ Text reads inquirent. Google Scholar

³⁵ Text reads declare. Google Scholar

³⁶ Text reads iuridice. Google Scholar

³⁷ Text reads alio modo: modo is crossed out. Google Scholar

³⁸ Text reads ex; BDE: en compania. Google Scholar

³⁹ Text reads ministrando. Google Scholar

⁴⁰ Arrendamentum, arrendamiento (Sp.), property rented or leased. For examples see AHN Ord. Mil. Documentos particulares 287, 336, 374.Google Scholar

⁴¹ Text reads: exnunc pro extunc et tunc pro exnunc. Google Scholar

⁴² Text reads comunicaverunt. Google Scholar

⁴³ Text reads: abstinere; B: obtener. Google Scholar

⁴⁴ This title is given in the margin. The chapter was erroneously entitled: Quod electio novi magistri notificetur militibus Aragonie. Google Scholar

⁴⁵ Text reads: oviare. Google Scholar

⁴⁶ Text reads delvolvatur. Google Scholar

⁴⁷ BDE: podra asignar. Google Scholar

⁴⁸ BDE: see celebrada. ⁴⁹ Regula iuris 29 in Sexto. ⁵⁰ Text reads et non. Google Scholar

⁵¹ Galatians 6.2. Google Scholar

⁵² Text reads conventus. Google Scholar

⁵³ Text reads ordinem. Google Scholar

⁵⁴ Text reads inmutatum. Google Scholar

⁵⁵ B repeats chapter 29. Google Scholar

⁵⁶ Matthew 12.25; Luke 11.17. Google Scholar

⁵⁷ Epist. 49(48).14.8 (CSEL 54.374.2; PL 22 [1859] 504).Google Scholar

⁵⁸ Residivare, recidivare, residere, recidere, to fall into sin again.Google Scholar

⁵⁹ Vivenda, vivienda (Sp.), dwelling, lodging; acostamentum, acostamiento (Sp.), remuneration given by the king or a lord to a vassal, who was obliged to render military service with a certain number of knights.Google Scholar

⁶⁰ Text reads exemptas; BDE : compradas. Google Scholar

⁶¹ Text reads usum fructuum. Google Scholar

⁶² Text reads ad habitationes. Google Scholar

⁶³ Text reads illo. Google Scholar

⁶⁴ Text reads numerandos. Google Scholar

⁶⁵ BDE: incurran. Google Scholar

⁶⁶ Proverbs 11.14, 24.6. Google Scholar

⁶⁷ Text reads cum. Google Scholar

⁶⁸ Text reads pro. Google Scholar

⁶⁹ Text reads boriera. Google Scholar

⁷⁰ BDE: en. Google Scholar

⁷¹ BDE: ser. Google Scholar

⁷² C and D end here. Google Scholar

⁷³ B: ‘Et yo frey Teobaldo Fabri de Marchina rreligioso capellan et notario del muy reverendo yn Cristo padre señor, señor de Morimundo, en sacra pagina liçençiado, presente fuy et aquellas vi et oy fazer a todas las cosas primissas et cada una delias, conviene a saber, a la publicaçion, lecçion, confirmaçion, approbaçion de las presentes difiniçiones et estatutos asy del rreverendissimo padre mi señor de Morimundo como de los otros comendadores sobredichos, priores, freyles, por ende de mandado del dicho señor mio de Morimundo las presentes difiniçiones con mi mano propia fechas, de mi signo manual sygne en fe et testimonyo de las premissas.’ Google Scholar