Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T17:29:56.698Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Structural and electrical properties of thermally evaporated cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) thin films

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2006

H. S. Soliman
Affiliation:
Physics department, faculty of girls, Jedda, Saudi Arabia Kingdom
A. M. A. El-Barry*
Affiliation:
Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
N. M. Khosifan
Affiliation:
Physics department, faculty of girls, Jedda, Saudi Arabia Kingdom
M. M. El Nahass
Affiliation:
Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Get access

Abstract

Thin films of CoPc of various thickness have been deposited onto glass substrates using thermal evaporation technique at room temperature. The dark electrical resistivity measurements were carried out at different temperature range (298–423 K). An estimation of mean free path ( $\ell_{0}$ ) of charge carriers in CoPc thin films and bulk resistivity, $\rho_{B}$ was attempted. Measurements of thermoelectric power confirm that CoPc thin films behave as p-type semiconductors. The ac conductivity (σ ac) has been investigated in the frequency range (102–106 Hz) and temperature range (298–407 K). σ ac is found to be proportional to ωs where s ≈ 0.879 which is frequency and temperature independence. The ac conductivity interpreted by the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model with centers of intimate valence alternation pairs type with a maximum barrier height, W M ≈ 1.594 eV.

Keywords

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

A. Bloom, W. Bruke, US Patent 4, 241, 355 (1980)
Shihub, S., Gould, R., Phys. Status Solidi A 139, 129 (1993) CrossRef
Rostalski, J., Meissner, D., Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C. 63, 37 (2000) CrossRef
Ncbcnsy, N., Collins, G., Lee, P., Chem. Mater. 3, 829 (1991)
M. Pope, C. Swenberg, Electronic process in organic crystals (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1992)
Tang, C.W., Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 183 (1986) CrossRef
A. Lenznoff, A. Lever, Phthalocyanines, properties and applications (VCH, New York, 1993), Vol. 3
Arshak, A., Zleetni, S., Arshak, K., Sensors 2, 174 (2002) CrossRef
F. Gutman, L.E. Hyonv, Organic Semiconductores (Wiley, New York, 1967)
M. Martin, J. Andve, J. Simon, J. Appl. Phys. 54 2792 (1983)
Ahamed, A., Collins, R.A., Thin Solid Films 217, 75 (1992) CrossRef
Lewis, A., Phys. Rev. Lett. 29, 1555 (1972) CrossRef
Nalwa, H.S., Vasudevan, P., J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 2, 22 (1983) CrossRef
James, S.A., Ray, A.K., Silver, S., Phys. Status Solidi A 12, 435 (1992) CrossRef
T.G. Abdel-Malik. R.M. Abdel-Latif, M. El-Shabasy, M. Abdel-Hamid, Ind. J. Phys. 62, 17 A (1955)
Riad, A.S., El-Samahy, A.E., Khalil, S.M., Physica B 215, 217 (1995) CrossRef
N.F. Mott, E.A. Davis, Electronic Processes in Non-crystalline Materials (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1971)
Abdel-Malik, T.G., Kasscm, M.E., Aly, N.S., Khalil, S.M., Acta Phys. Pol. A 81, 675 (1992) CrossRef
Jonscher, A.K., Thin Solid Films 36, 1 (1976) CrossRef
P.S. Kireev, Semiconductor physics, English Translation (Mir, Moscow, 1974), p. 323
El-Nahass, M. M., El-Barry, A.M. A., Rahman, S. Abdel, Phys. Status Solidi A 203, 317 (2006) CrossRef
Hassan, A.K., Gould, R.D., Phys. Status Solidi A 132, 91 (1992) CrossRef
Karasek, I.W., Decius, I.C., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 4716 (1952) CrossRef
Mindorff, M.S., Brodie, Can. J. Phys. 58, 249 (1981) CrossRef
Fwatsu, F., Kohayashi, T., Uyeda, N., J. Phys. Chem. 84, 3223 (1990)
Dhanem, M., Balasundaraprabhu, R., Jayakumar, S., Gopalakrishnan, P., Kannan, M., Phys. Status Solidi A 191, 146 (2002)
El-Nahass, M.M., El-Gohary, Z., Soliman, H.S., Opt. Laser Technol. 359, 523 (2003) CrossRef
Boudgema, B., Guillaud, G., Gamoudy, M., Maitrot, M., Andre, J.J., Martin, M., Simon, J., J. Appl. Phys. 56, 2323 (1984) CrossRef
Ashida, M., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn 39, 2632 (1966) CrossRef
Ashida, M., Uyeda, N., Suito, E., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn 39, 2616 (1966) CrossRef
Berger, H., Janiche, G., Grachovskaya, N., Phys. Status Solidi A 33, 417 (1969) CrossRef
Abass, A.K., Krier, A, Colins, R.A., Phys. Status Solidi A 142, 435 (1994) CrossRef
Tellier, C.R., Thin Solid Films 51, 311 (1978) CrossRef
K.L. Chopra, Thin Film Phenomena (Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1969)
Lakshminarayana, D., Desai, R.R., J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. El. 4, 183 (1993) CrossRef
Das, V.D., Bhat, K.S., J. Phys. D 22, 162 (1989) CrossRef
Das, V.D., Bhat, K.S., Phys. Rev. B 40, 1696 (1989) CrossRef
A.K. Hassan, R.D. Gould, A.K. Ray, Phys. Status Solidi A 158 K23 (1996)
Soliman, H.S., El Nahass, M.M., Farid, A.M., Farag, A.A.M., El Shazly, A.A., Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 21, 187 (2003) CrossRef
Naravanan Unni, K.N., Menon, C.S., J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 20, 1207 (2001) CrossRef
Simon, A., Xavier, F.P., B. Mater. Sci. 20, 297 (1997) CrossRef
P.P. Xavier, Dissertation Abstracts International, 53-09B, 1992
L. Mcier, Organic Semiconductors (VCH, Weinheim, 1974)
Meyer, J.P., Schlettwein, D., Wohrle, D., Jaeger, N., Thin Solid Films 258, 317 (1995) CrossRef
Bohm, W., Fritz, T., Leo, K., Phys. Status Solidi A 160, 81 (1997) 3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRef
Fritzsche, H., Solid State Commun. 9, 1813 (1971) CrossRef
Ahmad, A., Collins, R.A., Phys. Status Solidi A 123, 201 (1991) CrossRef
Field, P.E., Gutmann, F., J. Chem. Phys. 26, 411 (1957)
M. Pfeiffer, A. beyer, T. Fritz, K. Leo, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3202(1998)
Walker, M.S., Goldstein, P., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 33, 49 (1976)
Gryoznov, O.S., Ivanov, G.A., Motzhes, B.Ya., Naumov, V.N., Nenchinskiy, V.A., Radionov, N.A., Red, N.A.. Ko, Sov. Phys. Solidi Status 24, 1326 (1982)
S.R. Elliott, Physics of amorphous materials (John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1983)
Kastener, M., Fritzche, H., Philos. Mag. 3, 199 (1978) CrossRef
M. Kastener, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Amorphous and Liquid Semiconductors, 1977, p. 504
Eiliott, S.R., Solid State Commun. 27, 749 (1978) CrossRef
El-Shazly, A.A., El-Samanoudya, M.M., Seyani, M.A.M., Amnuir, A.H., Assini, E.M., Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 21, 225 (2003) CrossRef
Mott, N.F., Davis, E.A., Street, R.A., Philos. Mag. 32, 961 (1975) CrossRef
J.C. Anderson, Dielectrics (Reinhold, New York, 1964)
Shabasy, M.El., Riad, A.S., Physica B 222, 153 (1996) CrossRef
Seyam, M.A.M., Appl. Surf. Sci. 181, 128 (2001) CrossRef
Zukowski, P.W., Kantorow, S.B., Maczka, D., Stelmakh, V.F., Phys. Status Solidi A 112, 695 (1989) CrossRef
Vasudevan, A., Carin, S., Melloch, M.R., Harmon, E.S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 671 (1998) CrossRef