Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T13:20:10.006Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Verbal Memory Tasks Showing No Deficit in Schizophrenia—Fact or Artefact?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

Avraham Calev  and
Andrew F. Monk
Andrew F. Monk
Affiliation:
Heslington, York YO1 5DD
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Schizophrenics show a deficit in a variety of verbal memory tasks, except recognition memory, and incidental learning when recall is preceded by an ‘orienting task’ which ensures effective encoding. These two exceptions provide experimental evidence for the currently prevailing theory that it is a defect in effective encoding which is responsible for the observed schizophrenic verbal memory deficit. The present review concludes that these two exceptions are probably artefacts of unmatched tasks, and cannot be used to support the theory.

Type
Research Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 141 , Issue 5 , November 1982 , pp. 528 - 530
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1982 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, J. R. & Bower, G. H. (1972) Recognition and retrieval processes in free recall. Psychological Review, 79, 97–123.Google Scholar
Bauman, E. (1971) Schizophrenic short-term-memory: a deficit in subjective organisation. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 3, 55–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauman, E. & Murray, D. J. (1968) Recognition versus recall in schizophrenia. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 22, 18–25.Google Scholar
Blaney, P. H. (1978) Schizophrenic thought disorder: why the lack of answers? In Language and Cognition in Schizophrenia, (ed. Schwartz, E.). Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Blatt, S. J. (1959) Recall and recognition vocabulary: implications in intellectual deterioration. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1, 473–8.Google Scholar
Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox and the Group of Schizophrenics. Translated 1950. New York: International University Press.Google Scholar
Brown, J. (ed.) (1970) Recall and Recognition. London: Wiley.Google Scholar
Calev, A. (1980) Post-Organizational Deficits in Schizophrenia. Paper presented at the meeting of the Experimental Psychological Society, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Calev, A. (1981a) Post-Organizational Memory Deficits in Severely Disturbed Schizophrenics. Doctoral thesis, University of York.Google Scholar
Calev, A. (1981b) Severely disturbed schizophrenics have a memory pathology distinct from mildly disturbed schizophrenics. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the British Psychological Society, 2–3.Google Scholar
Chapman, L. J. & Chapman, J. P. (1973) Disordered Thought in Schizophrenia. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.Google Scholar
Chapman, L. J. & Chapman, J. P. (1978) The measurement of differential deficits. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 14, 303–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crow, T. J. (1980) Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process. British Medical Journal, i, 66–8.Google Scholar
Crow, T. J. & Mitchell, W. S. (1975) Subjective age in chronic schizophrenia: evidence for a subgroup of patients with defective learning capacity? British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 360–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feigenberg, I. M. (1969) Probabilistic prognosis and its significance in normal and pathological subjects. In A Handbook of Contemporary Soviet Psychology, (eds. Cole, M. and Maltzman, ). New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Heilbrun, A. B. (1980) Impaired recognition of self-expressed thought in patients with auditory hallucination. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 89, 728–36.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. H., Klinger, D. E. & Williams, T. A. (1977) Recognition in episodic long-term memory in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33, 643–7.Google Scholar
Kintch, W. (1970) Models for free recall and recognition. In Models of Human Memory, (ed. Normal, D. A.). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Koh, S. D. (1978) Remembering of verbal materials by schizophrenic young adults. In Language and Cognition in Schizophrenia, (ed. Schwartz, S.). Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Koh, S. D., Grinker, R. R., Marusarz, T. Z. & Forman, P. L. (1981) Affective memory and schizophrenic anhedonia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 7, 292–307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koh, S. D., Kayton, L. & Berry, R. (1973) Mnemonic organization in young nonpsychotic schizophrenics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 81, 299–310.Google Scholar
Koh, S. D., Kayton, L. & Peterson, R. A. (1976) Affective encoding and subsequent remembering in schizophrenic young adults. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85, 156–66.Google Scholar
Koh, S. D., Marusarz, T. Z. & Rosen, A. J. (1980) Remembering of sentences by schizophrenic young adults. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 89, 291–4.Google Scholar
Koh, S. D. & Peterson, R. A. (1978) Encoding orientation and the remembering of schizophrenic young adults. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 303–13.Google Scholar
Knight, R. A. & Sims-Knight, J. E. (1979) Integration of linguistic ideas in schizophrenics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88, 191–202.Google Scholar
Knight, R. A., Sims-Knight, J. E. & Petchers-Cassell, M. (1977) Overinclusion, broad scanning and picture recognition in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33, 635–42.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1919) Dementia Praecox and Paraphrenia. Edinburgh: E. and S. Livingstone.Google Scholar
Larsen, S. F. & Fromholt, P. (1976) Mnemonic organization and free recall in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85, 61–5.Google Scholar
Nachmani, G. & Cohen, B. D. (1969) Recall and recognition free recall learning in schizophrenics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 74, 511–16.Google Scholar
Neale, J. M. & Oltmanns, T. F. (1980) Schizophrenia. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Russell, P. N., Bannatyne, P. A. & Smith, J. F. (1975) Associative strength as a mode of organization in recall and recognition: a comparison of schizophrenics and normals. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 84, 122–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwartz, S. (ed.) (1978) Language and Cognition in Schizophrenia. Hillside, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Tulving, E. & Thompson, D. M. (1973) Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80, 352–73.Google Scholar
Traupmann, K. L. (1975) Effects of categorization and imagery on recognition and recall by process and reactive schizophrenics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 84, 301–14.Google Scholar
Traupmann, K. L. (1980) Encoding processes and memory for categorically related words by schizophrenic patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 89, 704–16.Google Scholar
Watkins, M. J. & Tulving, E. (1975) Episodic memory: when recognition fails. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104, 5–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.