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Strategies for preventing suicide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2018

Glyn Lewis ,
Keith Hawton  and
Peter Jones
Glyn Lewis*
Affiliation:
University of Wales College of Medicine
Keith Hawton
Affiliation:
University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX
Peter Jones
Affiliation:
Duncan Macmillan House, Department of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Porchester Road, Nottingham NG3 6AA
*
Glyn Lewis, Division of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XN. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

The Health of the Nation includes a target for reducing population suicide rates. We have examined and quantified various high-risk and population-based strategies for prevention based upon a number of stated assumptions and hypothetical interventions.

Method

The published literature was used to estimate the population attributable fractions for both high-risk and population-based strategies. The number needed to treat for the high-risk strategies was calculated, assuming an intervention that reduced suicide rates by 25%

Results

Interventions that would reduce rates of suicide by 25% would reduce population rates by about 2.6% for those recently discharged from hospital and by up to 5.8% for those presenting to general hospital with deliberate self-harm. The population attributable fraction for unemployment was 10.9%

Conclusions

High-risk strategies will have only a modest effect on population suicide rates, even if effective interventions are developed. Evaluating interventions for deliberate self-harm patients seems worthwhile. The UK Government's target for suicide reduction is more likely to be achieved using population-based strategies. Reducing the availability of methods commonly used for committing suicide is the most practicable current policy, although more radical approaches, for example reducing unemployment, may also substantially reduce suicide rates.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 171 , Issue 4 , October 1997 , pp. 351 - 354
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

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