Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T16:31:44.285Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

School Phobia: A Therapeutic Trial with Clomipramine and Short-Term Outcome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

T. Berney ,
I. Kolvin ,
S. R. Bhate ,
R. F. Garside ,
J. Jeans ,
B. Kay  and
L. Scarth
T. Berney
Affiliation:
Nuffield Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne
I. Kolvin*
Affiliation:
Nuffield Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne
S. R. Bhate
Affiliation:
The Nuffield Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry Unit, University of Newcastle upon Tyne
R. F. Garside
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Newcastle
J. Jeans
Affiliation:
The Nuffield Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry Unit, University of Newcastle upon Tyne
B. Kay
Affiliation:
Nuffield Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne
L. Scarth
Affiliation:
The Nuffield Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry Unit, University of Newcastle upon Tyne
*
† Correspondence.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

A double-blind trial failed to demonstrate any significant short-term effects of clomipramine in doses recommended for use in general practice (in addition to the usual range of psychotherapeutic help) in the treatment of children with school refusal and neurotic disorder. Patterns of improvement were also studied for the sample as a whole irrespective of treatment. Neither age nor sex were significantly related to improvement, except on one behavioural measure where girls initially did better than boys. In addition, it was found that there was a rapid relief of depression but neurotic symptomatology tended to persist.

Type
Research Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 138 , Issue 2 , February 1981 , pp. 110 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1981 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

∗

Reprint requests.

Currently: Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester

Currently: Department of Child and Family Psychiatry, Sunderland Childrens' Hospital

Currently: Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh

References

Agras, S. (1959) The relationship of school phobia to childhood depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 116, 533–536.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, H. & Wills, U. (1978) School phobia: classification and treatment. British Journal of Psychiatry, 132, 492–499.Google Scholar
Berg, I. Collins, T. McGuire, R. & O'Melia, J (1975) Educational attainment in adolescent school phobia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 435–438.Google Scholar
Berg, I. & Fielding, D. (1978) An evaluation of hospital inpatient treatment in adolescent school phobia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 132, 500–505.Google Scholar
Campbell, J. D. (1955) Manic-depressive disease in children. Journal of The American Medical Association, 158, 154–157.Google Scholar
Davidson, S. (1960) School phobia as a manifestation of family disturbance. Its structure and treatment Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1, 270–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisenberg, L. (1958) School phobia—diagnosis, genesis and clinical management. The Pediatric Clinics of North America, August, 645–660.Google Scholar
Eisenberg, L. (1959) The paediatric management of school phobia. Journal of Paediatrics, 55, 758–766.Google Scholar
Frommer, E. (1967) Treatment of childhood depression with antidepressant drugs. British Medical Journal, i, 729–732.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gittelman-Klein, R. & Klein, D. F. (1971) Controlled imipramine treatment of school phobia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 25, 204–207.Google Scholar
Gittelman-Klein, R. & Klein, D. F. (1973) School phobia: diagnostic consideration in the light of imipramine effects. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 156, 199–215.Google Scholar
Gringras, M. (1973) A comparative trial of a low and high dose regime of clomipramine (Anafranil) in general practice. Journal of International Medical Research, 1, 372–374.Google Scholar
Harding, T. (1973) A comparative trial of oral clomipramine (Anafranil) against amitriptyline. Journal of International Medical Research, 1, 343–346.Google Scholar
Hersov, L. A. (1960) Refusal to go to school. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1, 137–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hersov, L. A. (1976) School refusal. In: Child Psychiatry, M. Rutter and L. A. Hersov (eds.), pp. 455–86). London: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Johnson, A. M. (1957) School phobia: discussion. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 27, 307–309.Google Scholar
Kahn, J. H. & Nursten, J. P. (1962) School refusal: a comprehensive view of school phobia and other failures of school attendance. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 32, 707–718.Google Scholar
McMillin, W. P. (1973) A comparison of a divided and a single dose regime of clomipramine (Anafranil) in general practice. Journal of International Medical Research, 1, 368–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, J. E. (1973) Anafranil Symposium. Journal of International Medical Research, No. 5. Cambridge Medical Publications Ltd.Google Scholar
Ross, A. O. (1972a) Behaviour Therapy. In: Psychopathological Disorders of Childhood, H. C. Quay and J. S. Werry (eds.), New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Ross, A. O. (1972b) Behaviour Therapy. In: Manual of Child Psychopathology, B. B. Wolman (ed.), New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Saraf, K. R. Klein, D. F. Gittelman-Klein, R. & Gross, S. (1974) Imipramine and side effects in children. Psychopharmacologia, 37, 265–274.Google Scholar
Smith, S. L. (1970) School refusal with anxiety: a review of sixty-three cases. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 15, 257–264.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tennent, T. G. (1969) School Non-Attendance and Delinquency. M.D. Thesis, University of Oxford.Google Scholar
Waldron, S. (1976) The significance of childhood neuroses for adult mental health: a follow-up study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 133, 532–538.Google Scholar
Waldron, S. Shrier, D. K. Stone, B. & Tobin, F. (1975) School phobia and other childhood neuroses; a systematic study of the children and their families. American Journal of Psychiatry, 132, 802–808.Google ScholarPubMed
Yates, A. J. (1970) Behaviour Therapy. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.