Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-8gtf8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-16T20:37:29.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Negative Symptoms: Relationship to Other Schizophrenic Symptom Classes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2018

P.J. McKenna ,
C.E. Lund  and
Ann M. Mortimer
P.J. McKenna
Affiliation:
University of Leeds
C.E. Lund
Affiliation:
University of Leeds
Ann M. Mortimer
Affiliation:
University of Leeds
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

If negative symptoms represent a distinct class of schizophrenic symptoms, they should, to paraphrase Bleuler (1911), be more closely related to each other than they are to other schizophrenic symptoms. The first part of this statement, that negative symptoms are intrinsically related to each other, has received considerable experimental support (Andreasen, this volume; Mortimer et al, this volume). The second, that negative symptoms are unrelated to other schizophrenic symptoms, has been somewhat more unevenly investigated.

Type
Research Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 155 , Issue S7: Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia , November 1989 , pp. 104 - 107
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1989 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andreasen, N.C. (1979) Thought, language and Communication Disorders: I. Clinical assessment, definition of terms and evaluation of their reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 36, 1315–1321.Google Scholar
Andreasen, N.C. (1982) Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: definition and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 784–788.Google Scholar
Andreasen, N.C. & Olsen, S. (1982) Negative v. positive schizophrenia: definition and validation. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 789–794.Google Scholar
Asberg, M., Perris, C., Schalling, D., et al (1978) The CPRS: development and applications of a psychiatric rating scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, (Suppl.) 271, 1–69.Google Scholar
Bilder, R.M., Mukherjee, S., Rieder, M.D., et al (1985) Symptomatic and neuropsychological components of defect states. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 11, 409–417.Google Scholar
Bleuler, E. (1911) Translated by J. Zinkin (1966) as Dementia Praecox, or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Crow, T.J. (1980) Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process? British Medical Journal, 280, 66–68.Google Scholar
Crow, T.J. & Stevens, M. (1978) Age disorientation in chronic schizophrenia: the nature of the cognitive deficit. British Journal of Psychiatry, 133, 137–142.Google Scholar
Endicott, J., Spitzer, R.C., Fliess, J.L., et al (1976) The global assessment scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33, 766–771.Google Scholar
Folstein, M.F., Folstein, S.E. & McHugh, P.R. (1975) ‘Mini-Mental state': a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189–198.Google Scholar
Hirsch, S.R. (1982) Depression ‘revealed’ in schizophrenia: a discussion. British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 421–423.Google Scholar
Johnson, D.A.W. (1986) Depressive symptoms in schizophrenia: some observations on the frequency, mobidity and possible causes. In Contemporary Issues in Schizophrenia (eds Kerr, A. & Snaith, P.). London: Gaskell.Google Scholar
Kay, S.R., Opler, L.A. & Fiszbein, A. (1986) Significance of positive and negative syndromes in chronic schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 439–448.Google Scholar
Kulhara, P., Kota, S.K. & Joseph, S. (1986) Positive and negative subtypes of schizophrenia: a study from India. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 74, 353–359.Google Scholar
Lewine, R.J., Fogg, L. & Meltzer, H.Y. (1983) Assessment of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 9, 368–376.Google Scholar
Liddle, P.F. (1987) Schizophrenic syndromes, cognitive performance and neurological dysfunction. Psychological Medicine, 17, 49–58.Google Scholar
Manschreck, T.C., Maher, B.A., Rucklos, M.E., et al (1982) Disturbed voluntary motor activity in schizophrenic disorder. Psychological Medicine, 12, 73–84.Google Scholar
Montgomery, S.A. & Asberg, M. (1979) A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. British Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 382–389.Google Scholar
Mortimer, A.M., Lund, C.E. & McKenna, P.J. (1990) The positive: negative dichotomy in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owens, D.G.C. & Johnstone, E.C. (1980) The disabilities of chronic schizophrenia — their nature and the factors contributing to their development. British Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 384–395.Google Scholar
Payne, R.W. (1973) Cognitive abnormalities. In Handbook of Abnormal Psychology (ed. Eysenck, H.J.). London: Pitman.Google Scholar
Pogue-Geile, M.F. & Harrow, M. (1985) Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: their longitudinal course and prognostic significance. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 11, 427–439.Google Scholar
Prosser, E.S., Csernansky, J.G., Kaplan, J., et al (1987) Depression, parkinsonian symptoms and negative symptoms in schizophrenics treated with neuroleptics. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 100–105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robertson, G. & Taylor, P.J. (1985) Some cognitive correlates of schizophrenic illness. Psychological Medicine, 15, 81–98.Google Scholar
Rogers, D. (1985) The motor disorders of severe psychiatric illness: a conflict of paradigms. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 221–232.Google Scholar
Rosen, W.G., Mohs, K.S., Johns, C.A., et al (1984) Positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 13, 277–284.Google Scholar
Wing, J.K. & Brown, G.W. (1970) Institutionalism and Schizophrenia. London: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zigmond, A. & Snaith, R.P. (1983) The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67, 361–370.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.