Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:10:45.394Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Causal Attributions and Psychiatric Symptoms in Survivors of the Herald of Free Enterprise Disaster

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Steve A. Joseph*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF
Chris R. Brewin
Affiliation:
MRC Social and Community Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London
William Yule
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London
Ruth Williams
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London
*
Correspondence

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between causal attributions and psychiatric symptoms in those who survived the capsizing of the Herald of Free Enterprise ferry, two years following the disaster. Internal and controllable attributions for disaster-related experience are strongly related to poorer psychological outcome.

Type
Papers
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn) (DSM—III). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn, revised) (DSM—III—R). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
Antaki, C. & Brewin, C. R. (1982) Attributions and Psychological Change: Applications of Attributional Theories to Clinical and Educational Practice. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Beck, A. T. (1967) Depression: Clinical, Experimental, and Theoretical Aspects. New York: Hoeber.Google Scholar
Brewin, C. R. (1984) Attributions for industrial accidents: their relationship to rehabilitation outcome. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 2, 156164.Google Scholar
Brewin, C. R. (1988) Cognitive Foundations of Clinical Psychology. London: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Brewin, C. R., MacCarthy, B. & Furnham, A. (1989) Social support in the face of adversity: the role of cognitive appraisal. Journal of Research in Personality, 23, 354372.Google Scholar
Bulman, R. J. & Wortman, C. B. (1977) Attributions of blame and coping in the ‘real world’: severe accident victims react to their lot. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 351365.Google Scholar
Firth-Cozens, J. & Brewin, C. R. (1988) Attributional change during psychotherapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, 4754.Google Scholar
Foa, E. B., Steketee, G. & Rothbaum, B. O. (1989) Behavioural/cognitive conceptualization of PTSD. Behaviour Therapy, 20, 155176.Google Scholar
Försterling, F. (1988) Attribution Theory in Clinical Psychology. Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Gleser, G. C., Green, B. L. & Winget, C. N. (1981) Prolonged Psychosocial Effects of Disaster: A Study of Buffalo Creek. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Goldberg, D. (1978) Manual of the General Health Questionnaire. Windsor: NFER.Google Scholar
Horowitz, M. (1975) Intrusive and repetitive thoughts after stress. Archives of General Psychiatry, 32, 14571463.Google Scholar
Horowitz, M. (1979) Psychological response to serious life events. In Human Stress and Cognition: An Information Processing Approach (eds Hamilton, V. & Warburton, D. M.). New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Horowitz, M., Wilner, N. & Alvarez, W. (1979) Impact of event scale: a measure of subjective stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 41, 209218.Google Scholar
Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. & Williams, D. A. (1987) Self-blame, compliance, and distress among burns patients. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 187193.Google Scholar
Mikulincer, M., Solomon, Z. & Benbenishty, R. (1988) Battle events, acute combat stress reaction and long-term psychological sequelae of war. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 2, 121133.Google Scholar
Rachman, S. (1980) Emotional processing. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 18, 5160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raphael, B. (1986) When Disaster Strikes. A Handbook for the Caring Professions. London: Hutchinson.Google Scholar
Shaver, K. G. & Drown, D. (1986) On causality, responsibility, and self-blame: a theoretical note. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 697702.Google Scholar
Solomon, Z., Benbenishty, R. & Mikulincer, M. (1988) A follow up of Israeli casualties of combat stress reaction (‘battle shock’) in the 1982 Lebanon War. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, 125135.Google Scholar
Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L. & Lushene, R. E. (1970) Test Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press.Google Scholar
Stratton, P., Heard, D., Hanks, H. G. I., et al (1986) Coding causal beliefs in natural discourse. British Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 299313.Google Scholar
Turnquist, D. C., Harvey, J. H. & Anderson, B. L. (1988) Attributions and adjustment to life-threatening illness. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, 5565.Google Scholar
Weiner, B. (1985) Spontaneous causal thinking. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 7484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weiner, B. (1986) An Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.